Matsutake (Tricholoma matsutake) foto le tlhaloso

Matsutake (Tricholoma matsutake)

• Tricholoma nauseosum;
• Sebaka sa polokelo ea libetsa;
• Armillaria matsutake.

Matsutake (Tricholoma matsutake) ke fungus ea mofuta oa Tricholome.

Tlhaloso ea ka ntle ea fungus

Matsutake (Tricholoma matsutake) e na le 'mele oa litholoana o nang le sekoahelo le kutu. Nama ea eona e tšoeu ka 'mala, e khetholloa ke monko o monate oa linoko, o tšoanang le monko oa sinamone. Kepisi e na le 'mala o sootho, 'me ka har'a li-mushroom tse butsoitseng le tse butsoitseng ho feta tekano, bokaholimo ba eona bo petsoha 'me makhapetla a li-mushroom tse tšoeu a phunyeletsa mapatsong ana. Ho ea ka bophara ba eona, sekoahelo sa li-mushroom sena se seholo haholo, se na le sebopeho se chitja se nang le sebopeho se pota-potileng, tubercle ea bophara bo boholo e bonahala ka ho hlaka ho eona. Bokaholimo ba cap bo omme, qalong bo bosoeu kapa bo sootho, bo boreleli. Hamorao, ho hlaha makhakhapha a likhoele ho eona. Likarolo tsa sekoahelo sa li-mushroom li phahamisitsoe hanyane; likhoele le lesira le setseng hangata li bonahala ho tsona.

Hymenophore ea 'mele oa litholoana o emeloa ke mofuta oa lamellar. Lipoleiti li khetholloa ke tranelate kapa 'mala o mosoeu, o fetohang ho sootho ka khatello e matla ho bona kapa ho senya. Makhasi a li-mushroom a teteaneng haholo, a teteaneng, a hlahisa monko oa sinamone, a latsoa bonolo, a siea tatso e bohloko.

Leoto la li-mushroom le teteaneng ebile le teteaneng, bolelele ba lona bo ka tloha ho 9 ho isa ho 25 cm, 'me botenya ke 1.5-3 cm. E atoloha ho ea setsing ka mokhoa oa sehlopha. Ka linako tse ling, ho fapana le hoo, e ka fokotsa. E khetholloa ka 'mala o mosoeu le reng e sa lekaneng e sootho e nang le fiber. Seaparo sa phofo se bonahala ka holim'a eona, 'me karolo e ka tlaase ea leoto la li-mushroom e koahetsoe ke sekala sa fibrous sa walnut-brown.

Leoto le khetholloa ke 'mala o lefifi le bolelele bo boholo. Ho thata haholo ho e ntša fatše.

Sebaka sa bolulo le nako ea litholoana

Li-mushroom tsa Matsutake, tseo lebitso la tsona le fetoletsoeng ho tloha Sejapane e le li-mushroom tsa phaene, li hōla haholo-holo Asia, Chaena le Japane, Amerika Leboea le Europe Leboea. E hola haufi le maoto a lifate, hangata e ipata tlas'a makhasi a oeleng. Tšobotsi e ikhethang ea mushroom ea matsutake ke kamano ea eona le metso ea lifate tse matla tse melang libakeng tse itseng. Kahoo, ka mohlala, Amerika Leboea, fungus ke symbiosis le phaene kapa fir, le Japane - ka phaene e khubelu. E rata ho hola mobung o sa nonneng le o omileng, e etsa likolone tsa mofuta oa selikalikoe. Ho khahlisang, ha mofuta ona oa li-mushroom o ntse o hola, mobu o tlas'a mycelium ka lebaka le itseng o fetoha o mosoeu. Haeba ka tšohanyetso monono oa mobu o eketseha, tikoloho e joalo e fetoha e sa lokelang bakeng sa khōlo e tsoelang pele ea Matsutake (Tricholoma matsutake). Hangata sena se etsahala haeba palo ea makala a oelang le makhasi a khale a eketseha.

Fruiting matsutake begins in September, and continues until October. On the territory of the Federation, this type of fungus is common in the Southern Urals, the Urals, the Far East and Primorye, Eastern and Southern Siberia.

Matsutake (Tricholoma matsutake) ke mofuta oa mycorrhizal oa oak le pine, o fumanoang merung ea oak-pine le phaene. Litholoana tse behang litholoana tsa fungus li fumaneha feela ka lihlopha.

Edibility

Li-mushroom tsa Matsutake (Tricholoma matsutake) lia jeoa, 'me u ka li sebelisa ka mokhoa ofe kapa ofe, tse tala le tse phehiloeng, tse halikiloeng kapa tse halikiloeng. Li-mushroom li na le tatso e monate haholo, ka linako tse ling li na le picked kapa letsoai, empa hangata li jeoa li le foreshe. E ka omisoa. Litholoana tsa 'mele oa fruiting lia rekere,' me tatso e totobetse, joalo ka monko o monate (matsutake e nkha joaloka resin). E ananeloa haholo ke li-gourmet. Matsutake e ka omisoa.

Mefuta e ts'oanang, likarolo tse ikhethang ho tsoa ho tsona

Ka 1999, bo-rasaense ba tsoang Sweden, Danell le Bergius, ba ile ba etsa phuputso e ileng ea etsa hore ho khonehe ho fumana hantle hore li-mushroom tsa Sweden tse bitsoang Tricholoma nauseosum, tseo pele li neng li nkoa e le mofuta o tšoanang le oa matsutake oa Majapane, ha e le hantle ke mofuta o tšoanang oa li-mushroom. Liphetho tsa semmuso tsa papiso ea DNA li lumelletse ho eketsa haholo palo ea ho romelloa kantle ha mofuta ona oa li-mushroom ho tloha Scandinavia ho ea Japane. 'Me lebaka le ka sehloohong la tlhokahalo e joalo ea sehlahisoa e ne e le tatso ea eona e monate le monko o monate oa li-mushroom.