Bohloko ba morao ke bohloko ba mokokotlo bo shebaneng le mokokotlo oa mokokotlo. Bohloko bo utloiloeng ka hona bo fumaneha sebakeng sa li-vertebrae tse leshome le metso e 'meli tsa mokokotlo. Khafetsa, bohloko ba morao bo ka bakoa ke bohloko ba ho khutla bo nang le matšoao, bo emeng kapa bo sebetsang. Pele o phekola bohloko ba mokokotlo, ho hlokahala hore o arohane le bohloko ba mokokotlo bo bakoang ke pelo, methapo ea mali, lisosa tsa tšilo ea lijo kapa lisosa tsa mokokotlo le bohloko ba mokokotlo.

Tlhaloso ea bohloko ba morao

Bohloko ba morao bo tšoana le bohloko ba mokokotlo bo shebaneng le mokokotlo oa mokokotlo - kapa thoracic. Mahlaba a utlouoang a le sebakeng sa boemo ba li-vertebrae tse leshome le metso e 'meli, tse khethiloeng D1 ho D12 - kapa T1 ho T12.

Mefuta ea bohloko ba morao

Bohloko ba morao bo ka aroloa ka mefuta e meraro:

• Matšoao a bohloko a morao, hangata a hlobaetsang;
• "Static" bohloko ba mokokotlo, bo hokahane le lefu la kholo kapa static;
• Bohloko ba "morao" bo sebetsang, hangata bo amanang le bohloko ba mesifa le lebaka la kelello, bo qala butle butle ha nako e ntse e tsamaea.

Lisosa tsa bohloko ba mokokotlo

Tse ling tsa lisosa tsa bohloko ba morao ke:

• Mafu a pelo: lefu la ho se sebetse hantle, lefu la pericarditis, aneurysm ea thoracic aortic;
• Pleuropulmonary pathologies: mofetše oa bronchial, pleurisy e tšoaetsanoang kapa e hlaselang (mesothelioma, mofetše oa bronchial), hlahala ea methapo;
• Tshilong ya dijo mafu a: gastric kapa duodenal seso, lefu hepatobiliary, esophagitis, pancreatitis kapa gastritis, kankere ea mala, 'metso, manyeme;
• Maemo a mokokotlo: spondylodiscitis (ts'oaetso ea disc ea intervertebral le 'mele e haufi), spondyloarthropathy (lefu le kopaneng), ho robeha ha masapo, ho hlahala ha' mele, sehlahala se kotsi, hlahala e bohloko, lefu la Paget (lefu le sa foleng la masapo);
• Sesepa sa dorsal herniated - hlokomela hore karolo ea dorsal ke eona e amehang ka seoelo ka li-disc tsa herniated.

Bohloko bo bohloko ba morao bo ka bakoa ke:

• Kyphoscoliosis kapa ho fetoha habeli ha mokokotlo, ho kopanya ho kheloha ka morao (scoliosis) le ho kheloha ka morao ho convexity (kyphosis);
• Spinal growth dystrophy (ho kenyeletsoa lefu la Scheuermann) kapa phetoho ea sebopeho sa disco-vertebral se etsahalang ho bana le bacha. Tšimolohong ea mathata a kholo, e ka baka sequelae ho motho e moholo.

Bohloko bo sebetsang ba mokokotlo ha bo na lisosa tsa 'nete empa e ka ba motsoako oa lintlha tse fapaneng tsa mochini le tsa kelello:

• Litšitiso tsa poso ha mesifa ea morao e fokola haholo;
• Tsitsipano ea mesifa e bakoang ke khatello ea maikutlo le matšoenyeho;
• Liphetoho manonyeletso a mokokotlo ka lilemo (discarthrosis);
• Bokhachane: boima ba mpa boa eketseha mme lihormone tsa bokhachane li etsa hore methapo ea mokokotlo e phomole;
• Ho otlolla kapa ho lemala mokokotlong oa mesifa ka lebaka la motsamao o mabifi kapa ho tshoha;
• Le tse ling tse ngata

Tlhahlobo ea bohloko ba morao

Pele o phekola bohloko ba mokokotlo, ho hlokahala hore o arohane le bohloko ba mokokotlo - bo bakoang ke pelo, methapo ea mali, lisosa tsa tšilo ea lijo kapa tse bakoang ke mathata a mokokotlo - le bohloko ba mokokotlo bo sa feleng bo tlamehang ho una molemo liphekolong tse itseng.

Taba ea mantlha, bohloko ba morao bo hlahlojoa ka ho buisana le mokuli:

• Bohloko: saete, morethetho, tšusumetso ea khatello ea maikutlo, maemo, letsatsi le mokhoa oa ho qala, ehlile, nalane;
• Ntlafatso ea lijo kapa che, kutloisiso ho li-non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs), boteng ba radiation "lebanteng" (haufi le likhopo), jj. ;
• Boemo ba kelello.

Tlhahlobo ea bongaka e latela lipotso:

• Tlhatlhobo ea mokokotlo: ho tsitsipana, ho feto-fetoha ha maemo le ho holisa, lintlha tse bohloko ka palpation, boemo ba mesifa ea thoracic;
• Tlhahlobo e akaretsang: pleuropulmonary, pelo, tshilong ya dijo le hepatic;
• Tlhahlobo ea methapo ea pelo.

Qetellong, x-ray ea mokokotlo oa thoracic e lokela ho nkoa.

Ho ipapisitse le mokhoa oa ho hlahloba, ho ka etsoa liteko tse ling tse ling:

• Batla matšoao a likokoana-hloko a ho ruruha;
• Scintigraphy (phuputso ea kholomo kapa litho tse sebelisang ntho e ntšang mahlaseli a kotsi e li khomarelang le ho e tsamaisa ka bongata bo fokolang);
• CT scan ea mokokotlo oa thoracic;
• Litšoantšo tsa Magnetic resonance (MRI) tsa mokokotlo oa thoracic;
• Endoscopy ea ka mpeng;
• Liphuputso tsa pelo le methapo ...

Batho ba anngoeng ke bohloko ba mokokotlo

Ha batho ba ka bang 14% ba ka ba le bothata ba ho opeloa ke mokokotlo, basali ba mahlahahlaha ba bonahala ba ameha haholo ke bohloko bona ba morao.

Lintho tse tšehetsang bohloko ba morao

Lintho tse fapaneng li ka khothaletsa bohloko ba morao:

• Ho se sebetse 'meleng;
• Ho hloka mesebetsi;
• Mesifa ea mokokotlo e sa lekanang;
• Ho se tsamaee ka lebaka la lilemo kapa ho kena sepetlele mohlala;
• Nako ea ho ilela khoeli;
• Bokhachane kapa boima bo feteletseng;
• Ho tšoenyeha le khatello ea maikutlo;
• Maloetse a kelello kapa a kelello.

Bohloko bo bohloko

Matšoao a bohloko a morao hangata a baka bohloko bo boholo ba morao. Maemong ana, ho hlokahala likeletso tsa bongaka tse potlakileng ho fuputsa sesosa.

Bohloko bo bohloko

Bohloko bo sebetsang ba mokokotlo bo ka baka bohloko bo boholo lipakeng tsa mahetla a mahetla, kapa bo fumanehang haholo, mme bo sitisa ho hema. Hoa khoneha ho ba ferekanya ka bohloko ba molala ha ba le maemong a ho qetela a mokokotlo oa mokokotlo, mateanong a karolo ea molala.

Mahlaba a sa foleng

Ha bohloko ba morao bo sebetsa hape kapa bo nka likhoeli tse fetang tse tharo, bo bitsoa bohloko bo sa foleng.

Matšoao a mang

• Matšoenyeho;
• Ho hlonama;
• Ho lla;
• Chesa.

Ntle le bohloko ba morao bo khutlang bo hlokang kalafo e ikhethileng, kalafo ea kalafo e ama haholo-holo bohloko ba morao bo sebetsang.

Kalafo ea bohloko bo sebetsang ba morao e ka kopanya:

• Tloaelo e tloaelehileng ea ho ikoetlisa e ntlafalitsoeng ka morao le ka mpeng;
• Likopano ho physiotherapist kapa osteopath ho thusa ho khatholla mesifa, ho nolofatsa mokokotlo le ho kokobetsa bohloko;
• Phetoho e ka bang teng ea ergonomics mosebetsing ha ho khonahala;
• Li-analgesics li ka laeloa nakong ea mafu a bohloko;
• Tloaelo ea ho ikoetlisa - joalo ka ho hema ka mpeng - kapa boikhathollo molemong oa ho phomola;
• Tlhokomelo ea kelello;
• Ho imeloa kelellong ha ho hlokahala.

Bakeng sa ho thibela bohloko ba mokokotlo bo sebetsang, ho na le mehato e 'maloa ea ho itšireletsa:

• Itloaetse papali e lekaneng ho matlafatsa mokokotlo le ho holisa mpa e matla, ka lilemo tsohle;
• Fumana boemo bo nepahetseng ha u ntse u sebetsa, ho boloka mokokotlo o otlolohile;
• Se ke oa boloka sebaka se le seng nako e telele haholo: likhefu tse khutšoane empa tse tloaelehileng li na le molemo;
• Tsamaisa lintho tse boima haufi le 'mele kamoo ho ka khonehang;
• Se ke oa sotha mokokotlo;
• Qoba lirethe tse phahameng tse lebisang maemong a mabe le mokokotlo oa maiketsetso oa mokokotlo;
• Robala ka lehlakore 'me u qobe ho robala ka mpeng;
• Itloaetse mekhoa ea boikhathollo ho imolla matšoenyeho;
• Qoba ho nona haholo.