Mokokotlo (ho tsoa ho Latin backsum) ke sefahleho se ka morao sa 'mele oa motho se pakeng tsa mahetla le marako.

sebopeho. Mokokotlo o na le sebopeho se rarahaneng (1) se nang le:

• lesapo la mokokotlo bohareng ba lona, ​​​​ka boeona le entsoe ka masapo a 32 ho isa ho a 34 a bitsoang vertebrae,
• li-intervertebral discs tse behiloeng pakeng tsa lesapo la mokokotlo,
• li-ligamente tse kopanyang lesapo la mokokotlo ho tse ling,
• karolo e ka morao ea likhopo, karolo e 'ngoe e khomaretse lesapo la mokokotlo;
• mesifa e mengata, ho kenyeletsoa le mesifa e tebileng e kopanyang lesapo la mokokotlo ho e mong le mesifa e kaholimo,
• li-tendon tse kopanyang mesifa le masapo,
• methapo ea mali le lymphatic,
• ea lesapo la mokokotlo, karolo ea tsamaiso ea methapo e bohareng, e teng mokokotlong. (1)

Karolo ea ts'ehetso le ts'ireletso. Mokokotlo o fa mokokotlo karolo ea ho tšehetsa hlooho le ho sireletsa lesapo la mokokotlo.

Karolo ea ho tsamaea le boemo. Likarolo tsohle tsa mokokotlo li etsa hore ho khonehe ho boloka boemo ba kutu 'me kahoo ho boloka boemo bo emeng. Sebopeho sa mokokotlo se lumella metsamao e mengata joalo ka metsamao ea torsion ea kutu, ho kobeha ha kutu kapa esita le ho hula.

Bohloko bo khutlang. E hlalosoa e le bohloko ba sebakeng seo bo qalang hangata ka mokokotlong 'me ka kakaretso bo ama lihlopha tsa mesifa tse potolohileng eona. Ho itšetlehile ka tšimoloho ea bona, mefuta e meraro e meholo e khetholloa: bohloko ba molala, bohloko ba morao le bohloko ba morao. Sciatica, e khetholloang ke bohloko bo qalang ka morao le ho fetela ka leoto. Li tloaelehile 'me li bakoa ke khatello ea methapo ea sciatic. Li-pathologies tse fapaneng li ka ba teng qalong ea bohloko bona. (2)

• Degenerative pathologies. Li-pathologies tse fapaneng li ka lebisa ho senyeha ho tsoelang pele ha likarolo tsa cellular. Osteoarthritis e khetholloa ka ho roala ha lefufuru le sireletsang masapo a manonyeletso. (3) Letlapa la herniated le lumellana le ho lelekoa ka morao ho mokokotlo oa intervertebral disc, ka ho apara ho qetela. Sena se ka fella ka khatello ea lesapo la mokokotlo kapa methapo ea sciatic.
• Ho fetoha ha mokokotlo. Liphetoho tse fapaneng tsa kholomo li ka hlaha. Scoliosis ke lateral displacement ea kholomo (4). Kyphosis e hlaha ka ho kobeha ho feteletseng ha mokokotlo oa mokokotlo bophahamong ba mahetla ha lordosis e amahanngoa le leqhubu le matla ka mokokotlong o ka tlase. (4)
• Lumbago le molala o sataletseng. Li-pathologies tsena li bakoa ke ho senyeha kapa ho lla ka har'a li-ligamente kapa mesifa, e teng ka ho latellana sebakeng sa lumbar kapa sebakeng sa cervical.

Phekolo ea lithethefatsi. Ho itšetlehile ka lefu lena, lithethefatsi tse itseng li ka 'na tsa laeloa, ho akarelletsa le li-painkillers.

Physiotherapy. Ho tsosolosoa ha mokokotlo ho ka etsoa ka physiotherapy kapa osteopathy.

Phekolo ea kalafo. Ho itšetlehile ka lefu la ho kula, ho ka etsoa ho buuoa ka mokokotlo.

Tlhahlobo ea 'mele. Taba ea ngaka ea boemo ba morao ke mohato oa pele oa ho supa ho sa tloaelehang.

Litlhahlobo tsa radiology. Ho ipapisitsoe le lefu le belaelloang kapa le netefalitsoeng, ho ka etsoa liteko tse ling tse kang X-ray, ultrasound, CT scan, MRI kapa scintigraphy.

E hatisitsoeng koranteng ea saense ea Stem Cell, bafuputsi ba setsi sa Inserm ba atlehile ho fetola lisele tsa adipose stem lisele tse ka nkang sebaka sa intervertebral discs. Mosebetsi ona o ikemiselitse ho nchafatsa li-intervertebral discs tse tsofetseng, tse bakang bohloko bo ka tlase ba mokokotlo. (5)