Lijo tsa lefu la liphio

Ho ea ka pono ea bongaka, lefu la liphio e ka 'na ea e-ba boemo ba lefu la ho ruruha le ntseng le hōla ka potlako le lebisang ho hloleheng ho matla ha renal, kapa e ka' na ea e-ba ts'ebetso e tsoelang pele ho tloha qalong e le ho ruruha ho sa foleng butle-butle le ka mokhoa o ke keng oa qojoa.

Ho ea ka pono ea lijo, ho bohlokoa ho fana ka maro, letsoai, potasiamo le protheine ho lefu la liphio. Ha u rera lijo, boima ba 'mele, ho leka-lekana ha metsi le mahloriso a electrolyte maling a lokela ho nkoa. Ho hloleha ho matla ha renal, haholo-holo ka khatello e phahameng ea mali ea urea, ho khothalletsoa ho ja lijo tse nang le protheine, tse fanang ka matla a 30-50 kcal / 1 kg ea boima ba 'mele, haeba lefu lena le se na mathata. U lokela ho qhelela ka thoko nama, likhahla tse batang, chisi, mahe ho tsoa lijong, fokotsa lebese le lijo tse nang le potasiamo le phosphorus. Lithibelo li boetse li sebetsa tabeng ea ho fana ka letsoai le maro. Mokhelo ke mohato oa pele oa polyuria ka khothaletso ea ho noa metsi a mangata. Ho kgothaletswa ho ja lijo tse monate ka ho eketsoa ha li-rusks, moqolo oa koro o nang le protheine e fokolang, puree ea litholoana tse phehiloeng, li-compote tse khotliloeng, litapole tse khotliloeng ka botoro. Mafura a khothalletsoa ho ba 1g / 1 kg ea boima ba 'mele. Maemong a ho hloleha ho matla ha renal, bakuli ba ka phekoloa ka mokhoa o bolokehileng kapa ka dialysis. Ha u ntse u hlaphoheloa, u fetohela lijong tsa 'mele, butle-butle u eketsa bongata ba lihlahisoa tsa mokelikeli le protheine.

Ka ho hloleha ho sa feleng ha renal, setšoantšo sa kliniki se itšetlehile ka ho teba ha ho senyeha ha renal. Litlhahiso tsa lijo nakong ena li ka aroloa ka linako tse 4: nako ea 0,6 - ho hloleha ha morao, moo ho se nang lithibelo tsa lijo, nako ea 0,8 - ho se lekane, ho fokotseha ha protheine 1-0,4 g / 0,6, Lik'hilograma tse 1 tsa boima ba 'mele, phosphorus, letsoai, Nako ea III - ho se lekane ho fokolang, moo ho sebelisoang lijo tse nang le protheine e tlaase ea 20-25 g / 15 kg ea boima ba' mele, lijo tse tlaase-sodium, tse tlaase tsa potasiamo, hangata li lokela ho sebelisoa. e matlafalitsoe ka khalori e phahameng, litokisetso tse nang le protheine e tlase, nako ea IV - ho hloleha ha mohato oa ho qetela, moo protheine ea phepelo e leng 20-XNUMX g / letsatsi kapa dialysis, ho fokotsa sodium, potasiamo, phosphorus le maro, ho hlokahala ho eketsa amino ea bohlokoa. acid XNUMX-XNUMX g / letsatsi ho lijana, mohlala Ketosteril.

Melao-motheo e akaretsang ea lijo kalafong ea Conservative: Tlhokahalo ea matla ho bakuli ba nang le boima bo tloaelehileng ba 'mele ho feta lilemo tse 60 e lokela ho fana ka 35 kcal / 1 kg ea boima ba' mele / letsatsi, le ho bakuli ba ka tlase ho lilemo tse 60. e lokela ho fana ka 30-35 kcal / 1 kg ea boima ba 'mele / letsatsi, ke hore hoo e ka bang 2000-2500 kcal / letsatsi. Ho bakuli ba sa sebetseng haholo, ho ja ho lekaneng ke 1800-2000 kcal / letsatsi. Meeli ea protheine e liehisa kalafo ea dialysis, palo ea protheine e khethoa ke bongata ba urea le creatinine ka har'a plasma ea mali le creatine clearance (GFR). Tekanyo e tlase ea protheine lijong ke 20 g / letsatsi ka kenyelletso ea li-amino acid tsa bohlokoa. Meeli e joalo e ka fumanoa ka ho sebelisa lijo tsa litapole ka tekanyo ea 1 kg ea litapole + 300 g ea meroho le litholoana + 120 g ea botoro le oli e ncha + 50 g ea tsoekere le ho eketsoa ha phofo ea litapole kapa starch e tlaase ea protheine. phofo e nang le linoko tse ncha kapa tse omisitsoeng, ntle le letsoai. Mekhoa ea ho lokisa lijana tsa litapole ke ho pheha, ho baka, ha ho halika ho sa kenyeletsoe tabeng ea mathata a metabolism ea mafura. Lijana tse ka lokisoang ke li-noodle, dumplings, dumplings, casseroles, litapole tse pentiloeng, salate. Tekanyo e tloaelehileng ea protheine ke 40-50 g / letsatsi mme moeli o monyane ke 60-70 g / letsatsi. Liprotheine li lokela ho ba tse phelisang hantle, tse tsoang lihlahisoa tsa liphoofolo: nama e mafura, lebese la skim, chisi ea cottage, lehe le lesoeu, kefir, yoghurt. phepelo ea mafura ha e hloke moeli oa 1 g / 1 kg ea boima ba 'mele. E lokela ho tsoa lihlahisoa tsa limela, ke hore oli ea mohloaare, oli ea soya, oli ea soneblomo, oli ea rapeseed. Lihlahisoa tse entsoeng ka mafura tse hanyetsanang tsa tlhaho ea liphoofolo ke: lard, tallow, margarine e thata, bacon, hammoho le nama e mafura e kang mutton, nama ea kolobe, offal, letata, likhantsi, tlhapi e mafura, chisi e mosehla le e entsoeng, bacon, pates, sausage. Ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, lihlahisoa tsa confectionery tse nang le mafura a mangata, joalo ka li-puffs le likuku, ha li khothaletsoe. thibelo ea mokelikeli e itšetlehile ka edema, khatello ea kelello le bongata ba moroto o ntšitsoeng motšehare. U lokela ho ela hloko litaba tsa metsi lihlahisoa, mohlala, li-sauces, meroho, litholoana, ho fana ka karolelano ea 400-500 ml. Ho fokotsa sodium nakong ea ho se sebetse hantle ha ho hlokahale, empa ho kgothaletswa ho fokotsa 3 g (1 teaspoon) ea letsoai ka letsatsi e le mokhoa oa ho thibela, ka lebaka la tšebeliso e feteletseng e atileng. Ho lekane hore u se ke ua eketsa letsoai lijana, ho kenyelletsa lihlahisoa tse nang le letsoai ka mokhoa oa theknoloji, tse kang: lijo tse entsoeng ka makotikoting, pickles, nama e batang, nama e phehiloeng, chisi e tsubang, chisi e mosehla, silage, li-concentrate tsa sopho le li-sauces, tse lokiselitsoeng. linoko, mohlala, meroho, meroho, li-cubes tsa moro. ho fokotsa phosphorus ho tsoa lihlahisoa tse nang le phosphorus e ngata, tse kang: offal, lihlahisoa tsa lijo-thollo, rennet le chisi e entsoeng, peō ea legume, tlhapi, li-yolk tsa mahe, li-mushroom, lisoseji, phofo ea lebese kaofela.

Ho boetse ho kgothaletswa ho ja litokisetso tse tlamang phosphate ka har'a tšilo ea lijo nakong ea lijo. tlhoko ea potasiamo nakong ea ho se lekane ho lefuoang e lokela ho eketseha, 'me nakong ea ho hloleha ha mohato oa ho qetela e lokela ho lekanyetsoa ho 1500-2000 mg / letsatsi, ntle le lihlahisoa tse nang le liminerale tsena: limela tse omileng, bran, cocoa, chokolete. , linate, litholoana tse omisitsoeng, libanana , li-avocado, tamati, litapole, meroho e makhasi, li-mushroom. Potasiamo e ka fokotsoa ka ho inela le ho pheha lijo, metsi a fetoloe nakong ea ho pheha. tlhokahalo ea liminerale tse ling e lokela ho tlatsetsa khaello ea khalsiamo, ka lebaka la mefokolo ea lihlahisoa tsa protheine, tlatsetso ea khaello ea tšepe e lebisang ho phokolo ea mali. tlhoko ea livithamine e tlatsetsa khaello ea vithamine. ho tloha sehlopheng sa B, folic acid, vit. C le D ka lebaka la lijo tse fokolang tsa potassium.

Melao-motheo e akaretsang ea lijo nakong ea dialysis: tlhoko ea matla ka lebaka la khaello ea phepo e nepahetseng khafetsa ea bakuli ba dialysed e lokela ho ba 35-40 kcal / 1 kg ea boima ba 'mele, ke hore 2000-2500 kcal / letsatsi. Mohloli o ka sehloohong oa lik'habohaedreite e lokela ho ba lihlahisoa tsa lijo-thollo: pasta, groats, phofo ea starch, bohobe bo tlaase ba protheine ea starch. Ho bakuli ba alafshoang ka peritoneal dialysis, tlhokahalo ena e koaheloa hanyane ke tsoekere ka mokelikeli oa dialysis. tlhoko ea protheine ka lebaka la tahlehelo nakong ea dialysis ke 1,2-1,4 g / 1 kg boima ba 'mele ho bakuli ba nang le hemodialysis, le 1,2-1,5 g / 1 kg boima ba' mele ho dialysis ea peritoneal, ke hore, 75-110 g / letsatsi. Lijo li ka matlafatsoa ka protheine e tsoang ho li-supplement tsa phepo, mohlala, Protifar. tlhoko ea mafura ho dialysis extracorporeal e lokela ho ba 30-35% ea matla, 'me ho peritoneal dialysis 35-40%. matla a tsoang lihlahisoa tsa limela, haholo-holo oli ea mohloaare le oli. tlhoko ea potasiamo e lokela ho lekanyetsoa ho 1500-2000 mg / letsatsi, lihlahisoa tsa nama le meroho ha lia lokela ho sebelisoa. tlhokahalo ea phosphorus e lokela ho fokotsa tšebeliso ea lihlahisoa tse ruileng karolong ena le tšebeliso ea lithethefatsi tse tlamang phosphate ka har'a pampitšana ea gastrointestinal. thibelo ea sodium e sebetsa. tlhoko ea liminerale le livithamine e hloka tlatsetso ea calcium, vit. D, A le C. thibelo ea mokelikeli e baloang ka bongata ba tlhahiso ea moroto + 500 ml, palo e ntseng e eketseha e bontšoa feela ha ho chesa, feberu e phahameng, ho hlatsa le letšollo.

Source: Molula-setulo le Lefapha la Nephrology, Khatello ea mali le Mafu a ka Hare, Collegium Medicum im. L. Rydygier ka Bydgoszcz

1. Ke nako - ho hloleha ha morao, moo ho se nang lithibelo tsa lijo,
2. Nako ea IV - ho hloleha ha mohato oa ho qetela, moo phepelo ea protheine e leng 20-25 g / letsatsi kapa dialysis, ho fokotsa sodium, potasiamo, phosphorus le maro, ho hlokahala ho eketsa li-amino acid tsa bohlokoa 15-20 g / letsatsi ho lijana, mohlala Ketosteril.
3. Meeli ea protheine e liehisa kalafo ea dialysis, palo ea protheine e khethoa ke bongata ba urea le creatinine ka har'a plasma ea mali le creatine clearance (GFR). Tekanyo e tlase ea protheine lijong ke 20 g / letsatsi ka kenyelletso ea li-amino acid tsa bohlokoa. Meeli e joalo e ka fumanoa ka ho sebelisa lijo tsa litapole ka tekanyo ea 1 kg ea litapole + 300 g ea meroho le litholoana + 120 g ea botoro le oli e ncha + 50 g ea tsoekere le ho eketsoa ha phofo ea litapole kapa starch e tlaase ea protheine. phofo e nang le linoko tse ncha kapa tse omisitsoeng, ntle le letsoai. Mekhoa ea ho lokisa lijana tsa litapole ke ho pheha, ho baka, ha ho halika ho sa kenyeletsoe tabeng ea mathata a metabolism ea mafura. Lijana tse ka lokisoang ke li-noodle, dumplings, dumplings, casseroles, litapole tse pentiloeng, salate. Tekanyo e tloaelehileng ea protheine ke 40-50 g / letsatsi mme moeli o monyane ke 60-70 g / letsatsi. Liprotheine li lokela ho ba tse phelisang hantle, tse tsoang lihlahisoa tsa liphoofolo: nama e mafura, lebese la skim, chisi ea cottage, lehe le lesoeu, kefir, yoghurt.
4. thibelo ea mokelikeli e itšetlehile ka edema, khatello ea kelello le bongata ba moroto o ntšitsoeng motšehare. U lokela ho ela hloko litaba tsa metsi lihlahisoa, mohlala, li-sauces, meroho, litholoana, ho fana ka karolelano ea 400-500 ml.
5. Ho fokotsa sodium nakong ea ho se sebetse hantle ha ho hlokahale, empa ho kgothaletswa ho fokotsa 3 g (1 teaspoon) ea letsoai ka letsatsi e le mokhoa oa ho thibela, ka lebaka la tšebeliso e feteletseng e atileng. Ho lekane hore u se ke ua eketsa letsoai lijana, ho kenyelletsa lihlahisoa tse nang le letsoai ka mokhoa oa theknoloji, tse kang: lijo tse entsoeng ka makotikoting, li-pickle, nama, nama e phehiloeng, e tsuba, chisi e mosehla, silage, sopho le li-sauces, linoko tse lokiselitsoeng, mohlala, meroho, meroho, li-cubes tsa moro.
6. ho fokotsa phosphorus ho tsoa lihlahisoa tse nang le phosphorus e ngata, tse kang: offal, lihlahisoa tsa lijo-thollo, rennet le chisi e entsoeng, peō ea legume, tlhapi, li-yolks tsa mahe, li-mushroom, likhahla tse batang, phofo ea lebese kaofela. Ho boetse ho kgothaletswa ho ja litokisetso tse tlamang phosphate ka har'a tšilo ea lijo nakong ea lijo.
7. tlhoko ea potasiamo nakong ea ho se lekane ho lefuoang e lokela ho eketseha, 'me nakong ea ho hloleha ha mohato oa ho qetela e lokela ho lekanyetsoa ho 1500-2000 mg / letsatsi, ntle le lihlahisoa tse nang le liminerale tsena: limela tse omileng, bran, cocoa, chokolete. , linate, litholoana tse omisitsoeng, libanana , li-avocado, tamati, litapole, meroho e makhasi, li-mushroom. Potasiamo e ka fokotsoa ka ho inela le ho pheha lijo, metsi a fetoloe nakong ea ho pheha.
8. tlhokahalo ea liminerale tse ling e lokela ho tlatsetsa khaello ea khalsiamo, ka lebaka la mefokolo ea lihlahisoa tsa protheine, tlatsetso ea khaello ea tšepe e lebisang ho phokolo ea mali.
9. tlhoko ea livithamine e tlatsetsa khaello ea vithamine. ho tloha sehlopheng sa B, folic acid, vit. C le D ka lebaka la lijo tse fokolang tsa potassium.
10. tlhoko ea mafura ho dialysis extracorporeal e lokela ho ba 30-35% ea matla, 'me ho peritoneal dialysis 35-40%. matla a tsoang lihlahisoa tsa limela, haholo-holo oli ea mohloaare le oli.
11. tlhoko ea potasiamo e lokela ho lekanyetsoa ho 1500-2000 mg / letsatsi, lihlahisoa tsa nama le meroho ha lia lokela ho sebelisoa.
12. tlhokahalo ea phosphorus e lokela ho fokotsa tšebeliso ea lihlahisoa tse ruileng karolong ena le tšebeliso ea lithethefatsi tse tlamang phosphate ka har'a pampitšana ea gastrointestinal.
13. thibelo ea sodium e sebetsa.
14. tlhoko ea liminerale le livithamine e hloka tlatsetso ea calcium, vit. D, A le C.
15. thibelo ea mokelikeli e baloa ho tsoa ho palo ea moroto + 500 ml, palo e ntseng e eketseha e bontšoa feela maemong a leholimo a chesang, feberu e phahameng, ho hlatsa le letšollo.

Litlama tse ling li tšehetsa phekolo le thibelo ea mafu a liphio. 'Marakeng oa Medonet u ka reka Herbal detox - tee ea tlhaho ea tlhaho e nang le cornflower, pansy, yarrow le blackcurrant ka sebopeho.