Dysorthography ke bothata ba ho ithuta. Joalo ka mathata a mang a DYS, kalafo ea puo ke eona kalafo e ka sehloohong ho thusa ngoana ka lefu la dysorthography.

Tlhaloso

Dysorthography ke bokooa ba nako e telele ba ho ithuta bo khetholloang ke khaello e kholo le e tšoarellang ea ho latela melao ea mopeleto. 

Hangata e amahanngoa le dyslexia empa hape e ka ba teng ka thōko. Hammoho, dyslexia le dysorthography li theha lefu le ikhethileng la ho fumana puo e ngotsoeng, e bitsoang dyslexia-dysorthography. 

Lisosa 

Dysorthography hangata e bakoa ke bothata ba ho ithuta (mohlala, dyslexia). Joalo ka dyslexia, lefu lena le tsoa ho methapo ea kutlo le lefutso. Bana ba nang le dysorthography ba na le bofokoli ba kelello. Ea pele ke ea phonological: bana ba nang le dysorthography ba ka ba le tsebo e tlase ea phonological le puo ho feta bana ba bang. Ea bobeli ke ea ho se sebetse hantle ha visuotemporal: bana ba nang le dysorthography ba na le bothata ba ho bona metsamao le tlhaiso-leseling e potlakileng, litšitiso tsa pono tsa liphapang, li-jerks le ho lokisa mahlo a anarchic. 

Diagnostic 

Tlhahlobo ea kalafo ea puo e etsa hore ho khonehe ho etsa tlhahlobo ea dysorthography. Sena se kenyeletsa teko ea tlhokomeliso ea molumo oa lentsoe le tlhahlobo ea pono ea pono. Tekanyetso ena e etsa hore ho khonehe ho etsa tlhahlobo ea lefu la dysfunction empa hape le ho lekola ho teba ha lona. Ho ka boela ha etsoa tlhahlobo ea neuropsychological ho fumana mathata a ngoana le ho theha phekolo e nepahetseng ka ho fetisisa. 

Batho ba amehang 

Hoo e ka bang karolo ea 5 ho isa ho 8 lekholong ea bana ba na le mathata a DYS: dyslexia, dyspraxia, dysorthography, dyscalculia, joalo-joalo. Bothata bo khethehileng ba ho ithuta ho bala le ho peleta (dyslexia-dysorthography) bo emela ho feta 80% ea bokooa ba ho ithuta. 

Lintho tse kotsi

Dysorthography e na le mabaka a ts'oanang a kotsi joalo ka mafu a mang a DYS. Ka hona, bokooa bona ba ho ithuta bo ratoa ke lintlha tsa bongaka (pele ho nako, mahlomola a lesea), mabaka a kelello kapa a amang maikutlo (ho hloka tšusumetso), lintlha tsa lefutso (tšimolohong ea phetoho ea boko bo ikarabellang bakeng sa ho ama puo e ngotsoeng), lintlha tsa li-hormone. le mabaka a tikoloho (tikoloho e hlokang menyetla).

Dysorthography e bonahala ka matšoao a 'maloa a ka aroloang ka lihlopha tse' maloa. Matšoao a mantlha ke ho ngola butle, ho sa tloaeleha, ho hlaka. 

Mathata a ho fetola phoneme le grapheme

Ngoana oa dysorthographic o na le bothata ba ho amahanya grapheme le molumo. Sena se bonahala ka pherekano pakeng tsa melumo e haufi-ufi, ho feto-fetoha ha litlhaku, ho nkela lentsoe sebaka ka lentsoe la boahelani, liphoso tsa ho kopitsa mantsoe. 

Mathata a taolo ea semantic

Ho hloleha ha mantsoe ho fella ka ho se khone ho tšoara mantsoe ka hlooho le tšebeliso ea ona. Sena se fella ka liphoso tsa li-homophone (liboko, botala ...) le liphoso tsa ho itšeha (unabit bakeng sa sutu mohlala ...)

Mathata a Morphosyntactic 

Bana ba nang le dysorthography ba ferekanya likarolo tsa sebōpeho-puo 'me ba na le bothata ba ho sebelisa matšoao a syntactic (bong, nomoro, suffix, leemeli, joalo-joalo).

Khaello ea ho ama le ho fumana melao ea mopeleto 

Ngoana ea nang le mopeleto o thatafalloa ke ho hopola mopeleto oa mantsoe a tloaelehileng le a khafetsa.

Kalafo e itšetlehile haholo ka phekolo ea puo, nako e telele le e reriloeng hantle. Sena ha se phekole empa se thusa ngoana ho lefella likhaello tsa hae.

Phekolo ea phekolo ea ho bua e ka amahanngoa le ho tsosolosoa ho setsebi sa graphotherapist le psychomotor therapist.

Dysorthography e ke ke ea thibeloa. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, ha e lemohuoa kapele ’me e phekoloa kapele, melemo e tla ba khōlō. 

Matšoao a dyslexia-dysorthography a ka bonoa ho tloha kerecheng: mathata a sa khaotseng a puo ea molomo, mathata a tlhahlobo ea molumo, ho sebetsana, likahlolo tsa morethetho, mathata a psychomotor, mathata a ho ela hloko le / kapa mohopolo.