Tse ka Hare
Li-enzyme ke "mesebetsi" ea 'mele ea rona. Haeba u sheba bukeng ea litšupiso ea thuto, u ka fumana hore lentsoe enzyme, le fetoletsoeng ho tsoa Selatineng, le bolela tomoso. 'Me ke ka lebaka la tomoso e joalo hore palo e kholo ea lits'ebetso tsa lik'hemik'hale e etsahala' meleng oa rona motsotsoana o mong le o mong.
E 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea lits'ebetso tsena tsa lik'hemik'hale e na le tsebo ea eona. Ka nako e le 'ngoe, liprotheine lia chekoa, nakong ea tse ling - mafura,' me ea boraro e ikarabella bakeng sa ho monya lik'habohaedreite. Ho feta moo, li-enzyme li khona ho fetola ntho e 'ngoe hore e be e' ngoe, e leng bohlokoa ho 'mele hajoale.
Lijo tse enzyme tse ngata:
Litšobotsi tse akaretsang tsa li-enzyme
Ho sibolloa ha li-enzyme ho etsahetse ka 1814, ka lebaka la phetoho ea starch ho ba tsoekere. Phetoho ena e etsahetse ka lebaka la ts'ebetso ea enzyme ea amylase e ikhethileng ho lipeo tsa harese.
Ka 1836, ho ile ha fumanoa enzyme, eo hamorao e ileng ea bitsoa pepsin. E hlahisoa ka mpeng ka boeona, 'me ka thuso ea hydrochloric acid, e senya liprotheine ka mafolofolo. Pepsin e boetse e sebelisoa ka mafolofolo ha ho etsoa chisi. 'Me phetohong ea tomoso, ho belisoa ha joala ho baka enzyme e bitsoang zymase.
Ka sebopeho sa bona sa lik'hemik'hale, li-enzyme ke tsa sehlopha sa liprotheine. Tsena ke li-biocatalyst tse fetolang lintho 'meleng. Bakeng sa morero oa bona, li-enzyme li arotsoe ka lihlopha tse 6: lyases, hydrolase, oxidoreductases, transfases, isomerases le ligases.
Ka 1926, li-enzyme li ile tsa qala ho arohanngoa le lisele tse phelang 'me tsa fumanoa ka sebopeho sa kristale. Kahoo, ho ile ha khoneha ho li sebelisa e le karolo ea meriana ho ntlafatsa bokhoni ba 'mele ba ho sila lijo.
Kajeno saense e tseba palo e kholo ea mefuta eohle ea li-enzyme, tseo tse ling tsa tsona li hlahisoang ke indasteri ea litlhare e le meriana le litlatsetso tsa phepo.
Pancreatin e ntšitsoeng liphakeng tsa likhomo, bromelain (enzyme ea phaenapole), papain e fumanoeng tholoeng e sa tloaelehang ea papaya e hlokahala haholo kajeno. Lijong tse mafura tsa semela, ka mohlala, li-avocado le liphakeng tsa liphoofolo le batho, ho na le enzyme e bitsoang lipase, e amehang ho senyeheng ha mafura.
Tlhokahalo ea letsatsi le letsatsi ea li-enzyme
Ho thata ho bala palo e felletseng ea li-enzyme tse hlokoang ke 'mele hore o sebetse ka botlalo motšehare, ka lebaka la li-enzyme tse ngata tse teng' meleng oa rona ka bongata bo fapaneng haholo.
Haeba lero la gastric le na le li-enzyme tse fokolang tsa proteolytic, joale palo ea lihlahisoa tse nang le li-enzyme tse hlokahalang e lokela ho eketseha. Pancreatin, mohlala, e laetsoe ka bongata ho tloha ho 576 mg ka letsatsi le ho fela, ha ho hlokahala, ka keketseho ea makhetlo a 4 ea litekanyetso tsa moriana ona.
Tlhoko ea li-enzyme ea eketseha:
- le botsoa mosebetsi oa pampitšana gastrointestinal;
- le mafu a mang a tsamaiso ea lijo;
- boima bo feteletseng;
- ho itšireletsa mafung;
- ho tahoa ke 'mele;
- botsofaling, ha li-enzyme tsa bona li hlahisoa li le mpe le ho feta.
Tlhoko ea li-enzyme ea fokotseha:
- tabeng ea palo e eketsehileng ea li-enzyme tsa proteolytic ka lero la gastric;
- ho se mamelle ha motho ka mong ho lihlahisoa le litokisetso tse nang le li-enzyme.
Lisebelisoa tse sebetsang tsa li-enzyme le phello ea tsona 'meleng
Li-enzyme li kenella ts'ebetsong ea ts'ebetso ea lijo, ho thusa 'mele ho sebetsana le lijo. Li tloaetsa metabolism, li khothaletsa ho theola boima ba 'mele. Matlafatsa boits'ireletso ba mmele, tlosa chefo 'meleng.
Khothaletsa ntlafatso ea lisele tsa 'mele le ho potlakisa ts'ebetso ea ho itlhoekisa ea' mele. Fetolela limatlafatsi hore e be matla. Potlakisa pholiso ea maqeba.
Ntle le moo, lijo tse nang le li-enzyme li eketsa palo ea masole a 'mele a atlehang ho loantša tšoaetso, ka hona a matlafatsa boits'ireletso ba mmele. Boteng ba li-enzyme tse silang lijo li tlatsetsa ho e sebetseng le ho monya limatlafatsi hantle.
Ho sebelisana le likarolo tsa bohlokoa
Likarolo tse kholo tsa 'mele ea rona - liprotheine, mafura, lik'habohaedreite - li sebelisana haufi-ufi le li-enzyme. Li-vithamine le tsona li kenya letsoho mosebetsing o sebetsang haholoanyane oa li-enzyme tse ling.
Bakeng sa ts'ebetso ea li-enzyme, ho hlokahala tekanyo ea acid-base ea 'mele, boteng ba li-coenzymes (li-derivatives tsa livithamini) le li-cofactors lia hlokahala. Hape ho ba sieo ha li-inhibitors - lintho tse itseng, lihlahisoa tsa metabolic tse hatellang ts'ebetso ea li-enzyme nakong ea karabelo ea lik'hemik'hale.
Matšoao a khaello ea li-enzyme 'meleng:
- mathata a pampitšana ea meno;
- bofokoli bo akaretsang;
- boemong bo sa thabiseng;
- bohloko bo kopantsoeng;
- lefu la gastritis;
- ho eketsa takatso ea lijo e sa pheleng.
Matšoao a li-enzyme tse feteletseng 'meleng:
- hlooho;
- ho teneha kapele;
- ho kula.
Lintho tse amang likarolo tsa li-enzyme 'meleng
Ho sebelisa lijo tse nang le li-enzyme khafetsa ho thusa ho tlatsa khaello ea li-enzyme tsa bohlokoa 'meleng. Empa bakeng sa bophelo ba bona bo felletseng le matla, ho hlokahala hore ho netefatsoe boemo bo itseng ba acid-base, bo khethollang 'mele o phetseng hantle feela.
Ntle le moo, ho mafu a mang a pampitšana ea meno, mefuta e meng ea li-enzyme ha e sa hlahisoa ke 'mele ka bongata bo lekaneng. Maemong ana, litlatsetso tsa phepo le meriana e meng ea thusa.
Li-enzyme tsa botle le bophelo bo botle
Kaha li-enzyme li kentse letsoho phetohong ea metsoako e meng hore e be e meng, habohlokoa le ho feta, ts'ebetso ea bona ha e bue feela bophelo bo botle ba 'mele oa rona kaofela, empa e ama le ponahalo ea letlalo, moriri, manala le boima ba' mele bo nepahetseng.
Ka hona, ho sebelisa lijo tse nang le li-enzyme, u ke ke ua theha phepo e akaretsang bakeng sa 'mele oohle, empa hape u ntlafatsa botle le botle ba kantle. Ha ho makatse ha ba re botle ke, pele ho tsohle, ke bophelo bo botle ba 'mele kaofela!