Li-lymphocyte ke lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali (li-leukocyte) tse phethang karolo ea bohlokoa boits'ireletso ba mmele. Li khetholla le ho fokotsa likokoana-hloko tse teng 'meleng.

Palo le boholo ba li-lymphocyte

LLi-lymphocyte ke lisele tse nyane. Li ngata haholo 'me li emela lipakeng tsa 20 le 40% ea leukocyte ho potoloha mmeleng.

Kemiso ea mefuta e fapaneng ea li-lymphocyte

Ka kakaretso ho na le lihlopha tse tharo tsa lymphocyte:

• L lymphocyte ;
• Li-lymphocyte tsa T ;
• Li-lymphocyte tsa NK.

Ts'ebetso le kholo ea li-lymphocyte

Ts'ebetso le kholo ea li-lymphocyte li etsahala ka mefuta e 'meli ea litho:

• litho tsa mathomo tsa lymphoid, eo moko oa masapo le thymus e leng karolo ea tsona;
• litho tsa bobeli tsa lymphoid, kapa pheriferale, e kenyeletsang ka ho khetheha spleen le lymph node.

Joalo ka li-leukocyte tsohle, li-lymphocyte li entsoe kahare ho lesapo la masapo. Ebe ba tla fetela ho litho tse ling tsa lymphoid ho ntšetsa pele kholo ea bona. Phapang ea li-lymphocyte tsa T e etsahala kahare ho thymus ha ho butsoa ha li-lymphocyte tsa B ho etsahala kahara litho tsa mmele tsa lymphoid.

Sebaka le ho tsamaisoa ha lymphocyte

Joalo ka lisele tse khubelu tsa mali (lisele tse khubelu tsa mali) le thrombocyte (liplatelete), li-lymphocyte li ka potoloha mali. Joalo ka li-leukocyte tsohle, le tsona li na le boits'oaro ba ho khona ho potoloha ka har'a lymph. Li-lymphocyte le tsona li teng maemong a litho tsa mathomo le tsa bobeli tsa lymphoid.

Li-lymphocyte ke lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali tse phethang karolo ea bohlokoa ho sesole sa 'mele. Ka har'a 'mele, mofuta o mong le o mong oa lymphocyte o etsa mosebetsi o itseng ho loants'a likokoana-hloko.

Karolo ea li-lymphocyte tsa NK karabong ea tlhaho ea 'mele

NK lymphocyte, kapa lisele tsa NK, li kentse letsoho karabong ea 'mele ea motho ea ho itšireletsa mafung, e leng karabelo ea pele ea' mele tlhaselong ea likokoana-hloko. Karabelo ea tlhaho ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung e potlakile ebile e kenyelletsa li-lymphocyte tsa NK, tseo karolo ea tsona e leng ho senya lisele tse senyehileng joalo ka lisele tse tšoaelitsoeng le lisele tsa mofetše.

Likarolo tsa li-lymphocyte tsa B le T ka karabelo ea boits'ireletso ea mmele

Li-lymphocyte tsa B le T li nka karolo karabong ea boits'ireletso ba mmele. Ho fapana le karabelo ea tlhaho ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung, karolo ena ea bobeli ea karabelo ea' mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung e bitsoa e khethehileng. Ho ipapisitsoe le ho lemoha le ho tšoara ka cheseho likokoana-hloko, karabelo ea boits'ireletso ea mmele e kenyelletsa leukocyte tse 'maloa ho kenyelletsa:

• Lisele tsa B tse hlahisang li-antibodies, liprotheine tse rarahaneng tse nang le bokhoni ba ho lemoha ka ho khetheha le ho fokotsa likokoana-hloko;
• Lisele tsa T tse amohelang le ho senya likokoana-hloko ka tsela e itseng.

Kotsi ea mafu a ikemetseng

Ho itšireletsa mafung ho bakoa ke ho se sebetse ha lisele tsa B. Ha motho a itšireletsa mafung, lisele tsena li hlahisa masole a 'mele a hlaselang lisele tsa' mele.

Ho na le maloetse a fapaneng a autoimmune a kang:

• Ramatiki ea ramatiki ;
• multiple sclerosis ;
• Mofuta oa lefu la tsoekere la 1.

Taba ea vaerase ea HIV.

E ikarabellang bakeng sa lefu la immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), HIV ke kokoana-hloko e hlaselang lisele tsa 'mele tsa ho itšireletsa mafung, haholo-holo li-lymphocyte tsa T. Ba morao ha ba sa khona ho bapala karolo ea bona ea ts'ireletso, e pepesetsang 'mele ho mafu a nkang monyetla litlamorao tsa teng e ka ba tse tebileng.

Kankere e amang li-lymphocyte

Li-lymphocyte li ka angoa ke mofetše o fapaneng, haholo ha:

• lymphoma, Kankere ea lymphatic system;
• a kankere ea mali, mofetše o amang lisele tsa mongo;
• myeloma, kankere ea hematologic;
• Lefu la Waldenström, Kankere e itseng ea hematologic e amang li-lymphocyte tsa B.

Tharollo ea thibelo

Ka ho khetheha, ho a khonahala ho thibela tšoaetso ea HIV, e nang le litlamorao tse mpe ho li-lymphocyte. Ho thibela AIDS ho qala ka tšireletso e lekaneng nakong ea thobalano.

Kalafo ea bongaka

Kalafo ea bongaka e ipapisitse le se sa tloaelehang se fumanoeng. Mohlala, ha ho ka ba le tšoaetso ea HIV, ho fanoa ka kalafo e sebelisang li-antiretroviral. Haeba ho fumanoa hlahala, chemotherapy kapa li-radiation therapy li ka etsoa.

Ho kenella ka ho buoa

Maemong a tebileng le ho feta, ho ka hlokahala hore motho a buuoe. Ka kankere ea mali, phetoho ea 'moko oa masapo ka ho khetheha e ka kengoa tšebetsong.

Lik'hemik'hale

Palo ea mali e etsa hore ho khonehe ho etsa boleng le boleng ba likarolo tse teng maling, ho kenyeletsoa le li-lymphocyte.

Nakong ea tlhahlobo ena ea mali, boemo ba lymphocyte bo nkuoa bo tloaelehile haeba bo le lipakeng tsa 1,5 le 4 g / L.

Ho fetolela sephetho sa tlhahlobo ea mali ho ka supa mefuta e 'meli ea ho se tloaelehe ha lymphocyte:

• palo e tlaase ea lymphocyte, ha e le ka tlase ho 1 g / L, e leng sesupo sa lymphopenia;
• palo e phahameng ea lymphocyte, ha e le kholo ho feta 5 g / L, e leng letšoao la lymphocytosis, eo hape e bitsoang hyperlymphocytosis.

Myelogram

Myelogram ke ho sekaseka ts'ebetso ea mokoallo oa masapo. E lekanya tlhahiso ea lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali ho kenyelletsa le lymphocyte.

Tlhahlobo ea cytobacteriological urine (ECBU)

Teko ena e lekola boteng ba lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali ka morong. Tekanyo e phahameng ea lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali ke sesupo sa boemo.

Tšimoloho ea sehlopha sa B lymphocyte

Ho na le litlhaloso tse 'maloa tsa tlhaku "B". Ba bang ba lumela hore lebitso lena le ka amahanngoa le mokong, moo li-lymphocyte tsa B li hlahisoang teng. Ka Senyesemane, moko oa masapo o bitsoa "Bone marrow". Tlhaloso ea bobeli, e shebahalang e le 'nete ka ho fetesisa, e ka amana le bursa ea Fabricius, setho sa mantlha sa lymphoid se fumanehang linonyaneng. Ke boemong ba setho sena moo li-lymphocyte tsa B li fumanoeng.

Tšimoloho ea sehlopha sa T.

Tšimoloho ea lengolo "T" e bonolo. E bua ka thymus, setho sa mantlha sa lymphoid moo ho butsoang ha T lymphocyte ho etsahalang.

Tšimoloho ea sehlopha sa NK lymphocyte

Litlhaku "NK" ke litlhaku tse qalang ka Sesotho bakeng sa "Natural Killer". Sena se bolela ketso e fokolisang ea li-lymphocyte tsa NK.