Tse ka Hare
| lebitso | Mollies (Poecilia sphenops) |
| lelapa | Pecilian |
| Origin | amerika e boroa |
| Food | E matlafatsang |
| Ho ikatisa | Viviparous |
| Length | Basali - ho fihlela ho 10 cm |
| Bothata ba Litaba | Bakeng sa ba qalang |
Tlhaloso ea litlhapi tsa mollies
Mollies (Poecilia sphenops) ke e 'ngoe ea litlhapi tse tsebahalang haholo tsa aquarium ho tsoa lelapeng la Poecilia. 'Me ntlha ha e na ponahalo ea bona (mabapi le khanya le mebala e mengata e ke keng ea bapisoa le li-guppies tse tšoanang), empa ka matla a bona a hlollang le ho hloka boikokobetso. Haeba u na le setshelo sa metsi le aeration compressor, u ka lula ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng li-mollies tsa hau.
Litlhapi tsena li latela litloholo tsa tsona ho tsoa ho baholo-holo ba Amerika Boroa ba neng ba sa lule feela linōkeng tse ncha tsa Lefatše le Lecha, empa hape le matsoapong a brackish, moo metsi a leoatle a neng a tsoakane le metsi a linōka. Ho fihlela kajeno, mefuta e meng ea li-mollies, tse kang li-mollies tse mabala, li hloka letsoai le lenyenyane la metsi a aquarium.
Li-mollies ke litlhapi tse nyenyane tsa sebōpeho se selelele le mebala e mengata e fapaneng. Ha li le naheng, li na le 'mala o motala o botala bo botala bo etsang hore li se ke tsa bonahala merung ea limela tsa metsing. Lephegwana la caudal le letle haholo ho mollies. E ka ba le lits'ebetso tse telele lipheletsong ka bobeli, 'me beng ka bona ba haufi ba lisabole ba ka ba ba otlolla "sabole" e telele.
Tse tšehali li kholo ho feta tse tona, kahoo haeba u batla ho fumana bana ho tsoa litlhapi tsa hau, ho ke ke ha e-ba le mathata a ho khetha para. Hlooho ea li-mollies e na le sebopeho se totobetseng, molomo o lebisitsoe holimo, e leng se ba lumellang ho bokella lijo habonolo holim'a metsi. Mahlo a molomong o moqotetsane a bonahala a le maholo haholo
Mefuta le mefuta ea litlhapi tsa mollies
Ka tlhaho, ho na le mefuta e 4 ea li-mollies:
Li-mollies tsa Freestyle (Poecilia salvatoris). Litlhapi tsena li na le 'mala oa silevera le mapheoana a khanyang. E 'ngoe ea mefuta e tšoarellang ka ho fetisisa.
Li-mollies li na le mapheo a manyane, or li-sphenops (Poecilia sphenops). Ka lebaka la 'mala oa eona o motšo oa matte, o fumane botumo bo bongata har'a li-aquarists. O na le mefuta e meng ea mebala, empa e ntse e ntšo ntle le khanya ke ea bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa 'me, mohlomong, e tsejoa kajeno.
Li-panus mollies, or velifera (Poecilia velifera). Lepheo le phahameng la mokokotlo oa tse tona tsa litlhapi tsena le tšoana hantle le seile. Mohlomong ena ke e 'ngoe ea mefuta e metle ka ho fetisisa ea li-mollies - tse kholo le tsa khauta ka' mala. Tlhapi ena e rata metsi a letsoai hanyenyane le libaka tse kholo.
Mollies latipina (Poecilia latipina). Mofuta o mong o motle o nang le li-appendages tse telele ho caudal fin. 'Mala o kopanya mebala e putsoa, ea bohlooho le ea khauta.
Mefuta e khethiloeng (e hlahisitsoeng ka maiketsetso) e kenyelletsa: li-mollies tsa khauta le silevera, hammoho le litlhapi tse thahasellisang tse bitsoang "balloon" ('mele o na le sebōpeho se pota-potileng ka mpa e hlakileng), e nang le matheba, e nang le lyre-tailed le tse ling.
Ho lumellana ha litlhapi tsa mollies le litlhapi tse ling
Mohlomong ena ke e 'ngoe ea litlhapi tse ratoang haholo. Ha ho mohla ba hlorisang baahisani ba bona sebakeng sa aquarium mme ba sebelisana ka khotso le motho e mong le e mong. Empa, ha e le hantle, ha ua lokela ho ba rarolla le batho ba lulang le bona ba kholoanyane le ba mabifi - ka ho fetisisa, ba tla nka lijo ho li-mollies, 'me ka ho fetisisa, ba ba hlase,' me ka linako tse ling ba lome mapheo a bona a matle. Sena ke 'nete haholo-holo bakeng sa mefuta e meng ea li-barbs, hammoho le crayfish e putsoa ea Cuba.
Empa litlhapi tse nang le khotso tse kang li-guppies, neon, catfish le li-swordtails li ba loketse haholo.
Ho boloka li-mollies ka aquarium
Joalokaha ho boletsoe ka makhetlo a mangata, tlhokomelo ea li-mollies ha e bake mathata ho mong'a tsona. Kahoo, haeba u ke ke ua nehela bophelo bohle ba hau ho aquarism, empa u batla ho lokisa litlhapi tse ntle ka tlung ea hau, mollies ke seo u se hlokang.
Ke habohlokoa ho qala sehlopha sa litlhapi tse 'maloa ka nako e le' ngoe (haholo-holo tse ka bang 10), hobane li-mollies ke litlhapi tse kenang sekolo tse ikutloang li phutholohile haholoanyane k'hamphaning e kholo.
Tlhokomelo ea litlhapi tsa Mollie
U tla hloka bonyane sete ea liketso: ho fepa makhetlo a 2 ka letsatsi, ho kenya aerator (ho molemo ha e kopantsoe le sefe) le ho fetola 1/3 ea metsi beke le beke. Ha e le ponahalo ea naha le mobu, tsohle li ho uena. Ho ea ka pono ea boiketlo ba ho hloekisa, ho molemo ho beha majoana a boholo bo bohareng ka tlase - ka sebele a ke ke a huleloa ka har'a hose kapa pompong, 'me u lokela ho khetha limela tse phelang, hobane li ke ke tsa khabisa aquarium feela. , empa hape e ka ba mohloli o mong oa lijo bakeng sa litlhapi tsa hau (4). Leha ho le joalo, haeba u nka tse ling tsa maiketsetso, litlhapi li ke ke tsa fana ka litlaleho leha e le life ho uena.
U se ke ua beha aquarium ka letsatsi le tobileng kapa, ka lehlakoreng le leng, sebakeng se lefifi. Mabone a lokela ho ba hantle (litlhapi joalo ka lihora tse telele tsa motšehare), empa a se ke a benya.
Li-mollies li sebetsa hantle metsing a letsoai ka karolelano ea 2 g ka litara e le 'ngoe (letsoai la leoatle le molemo), empa tabeng ena ha ua lokela ho lokisa litlhapi tse ling le tsona.
Bophahamo ba aquarium
Bophahamo bo loketseng ba aquarium bakeng sa mohlape oa li-mollies ke lilithara tse 50 - 70. Leha ho le joalo, sena ha se bolele hore li tla shoa ka molumo o moholoanyane kapa esita le o monyenyane. Li-Mollies li ikamahanya habonolo le maemo a botlamuoa, ka hona li phela metsing a manyane (feela tabeng ena ha ua lokela ho beha sehlopha se seholo moo). Empa leha ho le joalo hopola hore sebaka se seholo sa bolulo sa litlhapi tsa hau, se thaba haholoanyane.
Mocheso oa metsi
Li-Mollies ke tse ling tsa litlhapi tse khonang ho mamella mathata ohle a ho phela ka har'a folete ea toropo e nang le mocheso o futsanehileng kapa o motle haholo nakong ea selemo. Ka hona, u se ke oa tšoenyeha haeba metsi a ka aquarium a batla a bata - sena se ke ke sa bolaea litlhapi. Ha e le hantle, ka metsing a pholileng ba tla fetoha ba tsitsitseng haholoanyane, empa hang ha folete e futhumala, li-mollies li tla tsosolosa hape.
Mocheso o nepahetseng bakeng sa bophelo ba bona ba boiketlo ke 25 ° C.
Seo u lokelang ho se fepa
Li-mollies ke litlhapi tsa omnivorous, empa ke ntho e lakatsehang hore lijo tsa limela li be teng lijong tsa tsona. E ka ba limela tsa aquarium ka bobeli le li-additives ho lijo tse seng li entsoe.
Litlhapi li ka fepa li-crustaceans tse nyenyane tse kang brine shrimp le daphnia, empa tabeng ena li tla thusa ho haella ha fiber ka ho senya li-deposit tse tala ho tloha marakong a aquarium. Leha ho le joalo, ho molemo ho li fepa ka mokhoa oa li-flakes tse omeletseng, hobane sebopeho sa molomo oa mollies se loketse ho bokella lijo ho tloha holim'a metsi. Ho phaella moo, lijo tse lokiselitsoeng hangata li na le ntho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e hlokahalang bakeng sa nts'etsopele e feletseng ea litlhapi. Haeba u na le mefuta e fapaneng ea mebala ea mollies, ho molemo hore ba khethe lijo tse nang le phello e matlafatsang 'mala.
Ho hlahisa litlhapi tsa mollies lapeng
Mollies ke e 'ngoe ea litlhapi tse bonolo ka ho fetisisa ho li tsoalisa. Li viviparous 'me li hlahisa li-fry tse sebetsang ka ho feletseng, tse qalang ho sesa le ho batla lijo hang-hang.
Ke 'nete, ka linako tse ling ho etsahala hore litlhapi tse kholo, haholo-holo mefuta e meng, li ka qala ho tsoma fry, kahoo haeba u batla hore bana ba phele, u lokela ho beha e moimana sebakeng se arohaneng sa aquarium, kapa ho tlatsa aquarium ka limela tsa metsing tseo ho tsona. litlhapi tse nyenyane li ka ipata .
Ho seng joalo, ho ikatisa ha li-mollies ho ke ke ha u tšoenya - ka letsatsi le le leng feela u tla bona masea a manyenyane a litlhapi a sesa ka metsing.
Lipotso le likarabo tse tsebahalang
O ile a araba lipotso tsa novice aquarists mabapi le astronotus mong'a lebenkele la liphoofolo tsa lapeng bakeng sa li-aquarists Konstantin Filimonov.
Ho fihlela tikoloho ea alkaline, hoa hlokahala hore metsi a fetohe khafetsa (bonyane hang ka beke) kapa ho eketsa letsoai ho aquarium hoa hlokahala. Letsoai ke sesebelisoa sa alkaline, ke hore, ha le lumelle metsi ho oxidize.
Ka phepelong ea metsi, haholo-holo moo e ntšoang lilibeng, e le molao, metsi ke alkaline.
Mehloli ea
- Shkolnik Yu.K. Litlhapi tsa Aquarium. Encyclopedia e Felletseng // Moscow, Eksmo, 2009
- Kostina D. Tsohle ka litlhapi tsa aquarium // Moscow, AST, 2009
- Bailey Mary, Burgess Peter. Buka ea Khauta ea Aquarist. Tataiso e felletseng ea tlhokomelo ea litlhapi tsa tropike tsa metsi a hloekileng // Peter: "Aquarium LTD", 2004
- Schroeder B. Aquarium ea Lehae. Mefuta ea litlhapi. Limela. Thepa. Mafu // "Aquarium-Print", 2011
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