Ho se sebetse hantle ha Endothelial ho phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ho qaleng ha mafu haholo-holo mafu a pelo. Mokhoa oa ho hlalosa endothelium, karolo ea eona ke efe? Ke mabaka afe a kotsi a bakang ho se sebetse ha endothelial?

Endothelium ea vascular e etsa mokoallo oa selefouno pakeng tsa lisele le mali. Ke ntlha ea bohlokoa taolong ea vasomotor phenomena ea vascular permeability, molumo le sebopeho sa likepe. Lisele tsa Endothelial, ka lebaka la ts'usumetso, li hlahisa limolek'hule tse laolang.

Ho fokotsa kotsi ea pelo, endothelium ke setho sa pele sa thibelo le kalafo.

Tlas'a tšusumetso ea botsofali le lisosa tsa kotsi ea methapo, endothelium e ka sebelisoa 'me ea etsoa liphetoho tse sebetsang tse ka sitisang mosebetsi ona, joale e mong o bua ka "endothelial dysfunction".

Ho se sebetse hantle ha Endothelial ho hlalosoa e le ho se tloaelehe ha vasodilation e itšetlehileng ka endothelium e bakoang ke ho fokotseha ha ho fumaneha ha lintlha tsa vasodilator, tse kang nitric oxide (NO), le ts'ebetso e ntseng e mpefala ea endothelial. Ts'ebetso ena e etsa hore ho lokolloe limolek'hule tsa adhesion ho tloha endothelium le macrophages (lisele tsa lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali, tse kenang ka har'a lisele. Nakong ea thrombosis le ho ruruha, limolek'hule tsena li ameha ho hiroeng ha leukocyte le l platelet adhesion.

Ho na le mabaka a kotsi a setso le ao e seng a setso.

Lintho tse tloaelehileng tsa kotsi

Har'a mabaka a setso, ho se sebetse ha endothelial ho bonoa ho bakuli ba nang le kotsi ea pelo le methapo, dyslipidemia, lefu la tsoekere, khatello e phahameng ea mali. Koae, lilemo, le lefutso le tsona ke lintlha tse lokelang ho nahanoa.

Lintho tse kotsi tse sa tloaelehang

Har'a lintho tseo ho thoeng ke tse sa tloaelehang, ho na le ho se leka-lekane ha tlhahiso ea vasodilator kapa vasoconstrictor e lebisang phetohong ea bokhoni ba vasodilator ea endothelium, letšoao le ka sehloohong la ho se sebetse ha endothelial.

Mosebetsi oa Endothelial, ka lebaka la liphello tsa vasculoprotective tsa nitric oxide (NO), e sireletsa bophelo bo botle ba pelo.

Ho se sebetse hantle ha Endothelial ke ntlha e phatlalatsang ho qala ha mafu a itseng:

• Liketsahalo tsa pelo le methapo;
• Ho hanyetsa insulin;
• Hyperglycemia;
• Khatello e phahameng ea mali ;
• Dyslipidemia.

Lithethefatsi tse thusang li akarelletsa li- statins, tse theolang k’holeseterole esita le haeba k’holeseterole e tloaelehile kapa e phahame hanyenyane feela, ’me maemong a mang aspirin kapa lithethefatsi tse ling tsa antiplatelet, lithethefatsi tse thibelang liplatelete hore li se thulane hammoho le ho thibela methapo ea mali.

Lithethefatsi tse ling tse sebelisetsoang ho phekola khatello e phahameng ea mali le litlhare tse ling tse sebelisetsoang ho phekola lefu la tsoekere le tsona li fokotsa kotsi.

Mekhoa ea ho lemoha ho se sebetse ha endothelial, e hlaselang kapa e sa hlaseleng, e sebetsang kapa ea likokoana-hloko, ke mekhoa ea tlhahisoleseding e ntlafatsang tsebo ea lefu la pelo le methapo ea pelo le e lumellang, ho isa bohōleng bo itseng, ho hlahloba katleho ea mehato ea phekolo. mabapi le ho hlaka ha lihlopha tse itseng tsa bakuli.

Ho batho, ho se sebetse ha endothelial ho ka hakanngoa ka ho lekanya:

• Metsoako ea plasma ea metabolites ea dinitrogen monoxide (NO): sehlahisoa se sa tsitsang haholo, se ke keng sa khethoa maling, ka lehlakoreng le leng ho ka khoneha ho etsa qeto ea metabolites ea eona (nitrites le nitrate) ka har'a moroto;
• Likarolo tsa plasma tsa limolek'hule tsa ho khomarela: limolek'hule tsena li kenya letsoho ts'ebetsong ea ho ruruha ka ho lumella ho khomarela ha monocyte ho endothelium, ebe ho falla ha bona ka har'a lerako la ka hare la methapo le methapo;
• Matšoao a ho ruruha.

Matšoao a mangata a likokoana-hloko le 'ona a paka ho se sebetse ha endothelial. Protheine ea C-reactive e matla haholo (CRP) le extracellular superoxide dismutase (mokhoa o matla oa enzyme) ke tse ling tsa tsona.

Ho thibela ho se sebetse ha endothelial, ho entsoe mekhoa e mengata e kenyelletsang lijo. Karolo ea likarolo tsa lijo tse kang mafura acid, livithamini tsa antioxidant, folate, vithamine D le polyphenols lia totobatsoa.

• Tekanyo e tlase ea vithamine D e lebisa kotsing e kholo ea lefu la pelo le lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2;
• Khatello ea oxidative e ka ama ts'ebetso ea endothelial ka ho ruruha le ho fokotsa NO ho fumaneha;
• Lycopene, antioxidant e matla, e ne e tla fokotsa matšoao bakeng sa ho kenya tšebetsong endothelium, protheine ea C e sebetsang, le khatello ea mali ea systolic 'me e ne e tla ba le liphello tse molemo khatellong ea oxidative;
• Li-polyphenols tse fanoang haholo ke litholoana, meroho, cocoa, tee le veine e khubelu. Tšebeliso ea bona e amahanngoa le kotsi e fokolang ea lefu la pelo.