Tse ka Hare
Nate ea phaene - tsena ke peo e jeoang ea limela tsa mofuta oa Pine. Ka kutloisiso ea mahlale, ha e nkoe e le nate, joalo ka peanut, empa e nkoa e le peo, joalo ka almonde. Sena se bolela hore kamora ho ntša linate likhonong tsa phaene, khetla ea tsona e kantle le eona e tlameha ho eboloa pele e jeoa (joalo ka peo ea sonoblomo). Ho latela saense, sefate sa kedare se na le lehae le ka bochabela ho Afghanistan, Pakistan le leboea-bophirima ho India. E hola bophahamong ba limithara tse 1800 ho isa ho 3350.
Linate tsa phaene ke li-suppressants tsa takatso ea lijo ebile li u thusa ho theola boima ba 'mele ka lebaka la mafura a mafura. Lijo tse nang le limatlafatsi tse ngata li matlafatsa matla, ha liminerale tse ling tsa bohlokoa tse kang magnesium le protheine li thusa ho thibela litlhaselo tsa pelo le lefu la tsoekere. Li-antioxidants tse lipeong tsena li na le thuso nakong ea bokhachane, li ntlafatsa ho itšireletsa mafung, mahlo le ho ntlafatsa boemo ba letlalo le moriri.
Melemo e akaretsang
1. Ho fokotsa boemo ba "cholesterol" e mpe.
Liphuputso li bonts'a hore ho kenyelletsoa ha linate tsa phaene lijong ho fokotsa boemo ba "cholesterol" e mpe. Ka maemo a phahameng a k'holeseterole, ho na le kotsi ea ho hlaseloa ke pelo kapa stroke. Cholesterol e haha letlapa marakong a methapo, ka hona e fokotsa phallo ea mali le ho baka lefu la methapo ea pelo.
Phuputso ea 2014 e fumane phokotso e kholo ea li-cholesterol lipids ho basali ba nang le ts'oaetso ea metabolic. Ho thibela atherosclerosis le mafu a mang a pelo, kenyelletsa linate tsa phaene lijong tsa hau.
2. E thusa ho laola boima ba 'mele.
Motsoako oa limatlafatsi linate tsa phaene o thusa ho loantša botenya. Bafuputsi ba fumane hore batho ba jang linate tsa phaene khafetsa ba na le boima ba 'mele bo tlase le maemo a phahameng a insulin a ho hanyetsa. Linate tsa phaene li na le mafura a acid a thusang ho fokotsa takatso ea lijo le tlala. Mafura a linate tsa phaene a ntša hormone e bitsoang cholecystokinin (CCK), e tsebahalang ho thibela takatso ea lijo.
3. E fokotsa khatello ea mali.
Molemo o mong oa bophelo bo botle ba pelo ba linate tsa phaene ke maemo a bona a phahameng a magnesium. Ho hloka magnesium e lekaneng 'meleng oa hau ho ka baka khatello e phahameng ea mali le kotsi ea stroke. Khatello ea mali e phahameng e baka mathata a mangata a bophelo bo botle, a kenyeletsang ho hloleha ha pelo, aneurysm, ho fokotseha ha liphio le ho felloa ke pono.
Ka hona, ho bohlokoa ho boloka lijo tse tla fokotsa likotsi tsa mafu a thathamisitsoeng kaholimo. Mafura a monounsaturated, livithamini E le K, magnesium le manganese li theha motsoako oa synergistic bakeng sa thibelo ea lefu la pelo. Vithamine K e ntlafatsa ho koala mali ebile e thibela ho tsoa mali ho matla kamora ho tsoa kotsi.
4. E tšehetsa bophelo bo botle ba masapo.
Vithamine K e haha masapo ho feta calcium. Boithuto bo bonts'itse hore banna le basali ba nang le vithamine ea K2 e phahameng ba na le menyetla e ka tlase ho 65 ea ho robeha masapo. Phuputso e 'ngoe e bontša hore vithamine K e thusa kalafong le thibelong ea lefu la masapo. Ha e eketse feela letsoai la masapo empa e boetse e fokotsa menyetla ea ho robeha.
E 'ngoe ea lisosa tse tloaelehileng tsa khaello ea vithamine K ke ts'ebeliso ea litlhare tse etsang meriana tse theolelang li-cholesterol. Empa ha u ja linate tsa phaene, ha ho hlokahale hore u noe meriana efe kapa efe e theolang k'holeseterole, kaha linate ka botsona li na le phello ena.
5. E fokotsa menyetla ea ho ba le mefuta e itseng ea mofets'e.
Pine nut e na le magnesium. Lijo tse nang le magnesium e ngata li fokotsa menyetla ea mefuta e meng ea mofets'e. Phuputso e entsoe ka ho nka karolo ha banna le basali ba fetang 67, e ikemiselitseng ho ithuta mofetše oa pancreatic. Bo-rasaense ba fumane hore ho fokotsa ho ja magnesium ka limiligrama tse 000 ka letsatsi ho eketsa kotsi ea mofetše oa pancreatic ka 100%.
Mokhoa ona o ke ke oa bakoa ke lintlha tse ling, joalo ka lilemo le phapang ea bong kapa index ea boima ba 'mele. Phuputso e 'ngoe e fumane kamano lipakeng tsa ho noa magnesium e sa lekaneng le mofetše oa' mala. Mofumahali oa mofuta ona oa kankere o atile haholo nakong ea basali ba qetang ho ilela khoeli. Magnesium e lekaneng lijong e fokotsa menyetla ea mofets'e oa 'mala. Bakeng sa thibelo ea mofets'e, litsebi li khothaletsa limiligrama tse 400 tsa magnesium ka letsatsi.
6. E ntlafatsa bophelo ba mahlo.
Linate tsa phaene li na le lutein, antioxidant carotenoid e tsejoang e le "vithamine ea mahlo". Lutein ke e 'ngoe ea limatlafatsi tseo batho ba bangata ba sa li fumaneng ho lekana. Kaha 'mele ea rona e ke ke ea iketsetsa lutein ka bo eona, re ka e fumana feela lijong. Ho li-carotenoid tse 600 tseo 'mele oa rona o ka li sebelisang, ke tse 20 feela tse fepang mahlo. Ho tsena tse 20, ke tse peli feela (lutein le zeaxanthin) tse bapalang karolo ea bohlokoa ho boloka bophelo bo botle ba mahlo.
Lutein le zeaxanthin li thusa ho thibela ho senyeha ha macular le glaucoma. Ba loantša tšenyo e mpe ea mahala e bakiloeng ke ho pepeseha ha letsatsi le phepo e nepahetseng. Boithuto bo bong bo bontša hore batho ba seng ba ntse ba na le tšenyo e itseng ho macula ba ka emisa tšenyo e ngoe ka ho eketsa lijo tse nang le lutein tse ngata lijong tsa bona. Nate ea phaene ke sehlahisoa se setle sa ho boloka bophelo bo botle ba mahlo.
7. E tloaetse bophelo bo botle ba kutloisiso.
Phuputso ea 2015 e shebile tlhahiso ea magnesium ho bacha ba nang le khatello ea maikutlo, matšoenyeho le ADHD. Patlisiso e bontšitse hore magnesium e fokotsa ho phatloha ka bohale le lipontšo tse ling tsa kantle tse amanang le mathata a kelello.
Leha ho le joalo, liphetoho ha lia fumanoa feela ho bacha. Phuputso e 'ngoe, e neng e kenyelletsa banna le basali ba fetang 9 ba baholo, le eona e fumane kamano lipakeng tsa magnesium le khatello ea maikutlo. Ka ho ja magnesium e lekaneng 'meleng, bophelo bo botle ba kelello ba motho boa ntlafala.
8. Ho matlafatsa matla.
Limatlafatsi tse ling tsa linate tsa phaene, tse kang monounsaturated fat, iron, magnesium le protein, li ka thusa ho matlafatsa maemo a matla. Ho hloka limatlafatsi tse lekaneng lijong tsa hau ho ka baka mokhathala.
Linate tsa phaene le tsona li thusa ho aha le ho lokisa lisele 'meleng. Batho ba bangata ba tloaelane le maikutlo a mokhathala kamora ho ikoetlisa ka thata kapa koetliso. Linate tsa phaene li tla thusa 'mele ho hlaphoheloa kapele.
9. E thusa ho laola lefu la tsoekere.
Ho ja linate tsa phaene letsatsi le letsatsi ho ka thusa ho laola lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2, ho latela lipatlisiso. Linate tsa phaene li boetse li thibela mathata a amanang le lefu lena (mathata a pono le kotsi ea stroke). Bakuli ba nang le lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2 ba jang linate tsa phaene letsatsi le letsatsi ba ntlafalitse maemo a tsoekere le ho fokotsa maemo a mabe a k'holeseterole.
Linate tsa phaene li ka laola eseng feela maemo a tsoekere, empa le lipids tsa mali. Mofuta oa 2 oa bakuli ba lefu la tsoekere ba sebelisa linate tsa phaene ho matlafatsa phepelo ea bona ea oli ea meroho le protheine, lintho tse peli tsa bohlokoa.
10. Ho eketsa boits'ireletso.
Manganese le zinc ka linate tsa phaene li matlafatsa boits'ireletso. Le ha mankanese e thusa ho boloka botsitso ba lihormone tsa 'mele le letsoalo le kopaneng, zinc e matlafatsa boits'ireletso ba mmele mme e khothaletsa pholiso ea maqeba. Zinc e boetse e ntlafatsa tšebetso le palo ea lisele tsa T (mofuta oa sele e tšoeu ea mali) e senyang likokoana-hloko tse kenang 'meleng.
11. E na le thepa e khahlanong le ho ruruha.
Vithamine B2 e thusa tlhahiso ea corticosteroids (lihormone tse fokotsang ho ruruha). Linate tsa phaene li thusa ho fokotsa ho ruruha, ka hona li tla ba molemo ho batho ba nang le makhopho, cystitis, cholecystitis le pyelonephritis.
Melemo ea basali
12. E na le thuso nakong ea bokhachane.
Linate tsa phaene li na le fiber e ngata, e ka thusang ho kokobetsa ho patoa, e leng bothata bo tloaelehileng nakong ea bokhachane. Iron le protheine li bapala karolo ea bohlokoa bophelong ba mme le lesea. Linate tsa phaene li na le vithamine C, e thusang ho monya tšepe hantle. Li-acid tse mafura li tla netefatsa sebopeho se nepahetseng sa boko ba ngoana le ho mo imolla tlala ea oksijene. Hape, linate tsa phaene li susumetsa tlhahiso ea lebese la matsoele le ho ntlafatsa boleng ba eona.
13. E imolla boemo nakong ea ho ilela khoeli le ho ilela khoeli.
Linate tsa phaene li khothalletsoa nako e bohloko. Li tsitsisa boemo ba 'mele ebile li lekanya semelo sa maikutlo le maikutlo. Linate tsa phaene li na le phello e tšoanang ho 'mele oa basali nakong ea ho ilela khoeli.
Melemo ea Letlalo
14. E nchafatsa hape e folisa letlalo.
Khokahano e phahameng ea livithamini, liminerale le li-antioxidants tse bohlokoa li etsa hore linate tsa phaene li be molemo haholo tlhokomelong ea letlalo. Vithamine E le li-antioxidants li thusa ho liehisa botsofali. Linate tsa phaene li thusa ho loantša maloetse a dermatological. Ba phekola furunculosis, psoriasis, makhopho le eczema.
15. Ho folisa letlalo le ho le fepa.
Sesepa sa 'mele se entsoeng ka linate tse tala tsa phaene le oli ea coconut ho nchafatsa letlalo ka ho tlosa lisele tsa letlalo tse shoeleng. Ntle le moo, ka lebaka la boleng ba eona bo phahameng ba ho nosetsa, mofero ona ke sehlahisoa se tsebahalang sa ho nolofatsa le ho fepa letlalo.
Melemo ea Moriri
16. E khothalletsa kholo ea moriri le ho matlafatsa.
Linate tsa phaene ke mohloli o enneng oa vithamine E, e bohlokoa molemong oa kholo ea moriri. Batho ba nang le ho lahleheloa ke moriri kapa moriri o fokolang ba lokela ho kenyelletsa linate tsa phaene lijong tsa bona. Li na le liprotheine tse ngata tse sireletsang moriri hore o se ke oa senyeha le ho o boloka o le matla, o phetse hantle ebile o benya.
Melemo bakeng sa banna
17. E ntlafatsa matla.
Ho kgothaletswa ho sebelisa linate tsa phaene ho eketsa matla le ho khutlisa matla a banna. Zinc, arginine, livithamini A le E ka linate li hlophisa mokhoa oa genitourinary mme li fana ka erection e tsitsitseng. Hape, linate tsa phaene li ka sebelisoa ho thibela prostate adenoma le prostatitis.
Kotsi le li-contraindications
1. E ka baka tšoaetso ea alejiki.
Linate tsa phaene li ka baka khatello ea maikutlo, tseo bongata ba tsona e leng anaphylactic. Sena se bolela hore haeba o na le alejiki ho linate tse ling, o lokela ho qoba linate tsa phaene hape. Tsela e 'ngoe (e sa tloaelehang) ea ho arabela linate tsa phaene e tsejoa e le Pine-Mouth Syndrome.
Ha e na kotsi empa e hlahisa tatso e bohloko kapa ea tšepe ea ho ja linate tsa phaene. Ha ho na pheko bakeng sa Pine-Mouth Syndrome ntle le ho emisa ho ja linate tsa phaene ho fihlela matšoao a fela. Lefu lena le hlaha ka lebaka la tšebeliso ea linate tse sirelelitsoeng ke fungal.
2. Ho ka ba le mathata ka ho ima le ho anyesa.
E, linate tsa phaene li ntle bakeng sa bokhachane le ho anyesa. Empa feela ka teka-tekano. Ikopanye le ngaka pele e sebelisoa. Ts'ebeliso e fetelletseng ea linate e ka baka ho kula le mathata a mala.
3. E ka baka mathata a bophelo bo botle haeba e sebelisoa haholo.
Ts'ebeliso e fetelletseng ea linate tsa phaene e baka maikutlo a ho baba ka hanong le bofokoli. Matšoao a kanna a se hlahe hanghang, empa kamora matsatsi a 'maloa. Ho otsela, ho tsekela, ho nyekeloa ke pelo le ho hlatsa, ho ruruha ea manonyello, gallbladder le pampitšana mala.
4. Ha e khothalletsoe bakeng sa bana ba banyenyane.
Hobane linate tsa phaene li nyane ka boholo, li ka ba kotsi ho bana ba banyenyane. Haeba e hema kapa e metsoa, linate li ka baka ho koaloa ha lifofane. Bana ba banyenyane ba lokela ho fuoa linate tsa phaene tlasa taolo ea batho ba baholo.
5. Ha e tsamaee hantle le nama.
Haeba u ja khafetsa 50 g ea linate tsa phaene, fokotsa palo ea protheine ea liphoofolo lijong tsa hau. Ho imetsa 'mele ka protheine ho ka baka khatello e feteletseng liphio. Haeba u ja linate letsatsi le leng le le leng, ja nama ho feta makhetlo a 4-5 ka beke.
K'hemik'hale ea sehlahisoa
Boleng ba phepo ea linate tsa phaene (100 g) le liperesente tsa boleng ba letsatsi le letsatsi:
- Boleng ba phepo
- divithamini
- macronutrients
- Hlahloba Elements
- lik'hilojule tse 673 kcal - 47,26%;
- liprotheine 13,7 g - 16,71%;
- mafura 68,4 g - 105,23%;
- lik'habohaedreite 13,1 g - 10,23%;
- fiber ea lijo 3,7 g - 18,5%;
- metsi 2,28 g - 0,09%.
- Le 1 mcg - 0,1%;
- beta-carotene 0,017 mg, - 0,3%;
- S 0,8 mg - 0,9%;
- E 9,33 mg - 62,2%;
- Ho 54 μg - 45%;
- V1 0,364 mg - 24,3%;
- V2 0,227 mg - 12,6%;
- V5 0,013 mg - 6,3%;
- V6 0,094 mg -4,7%;
- B9 34 μg - 8,5%;
- Maq 4,387 mg, - 21,9%.
- potasiamo 597 mg - 23,9%;
- calcium 18 mg - 1,8%;
- magnesium 251 mg - 62,8%;
- 2 mg ea sodium - 0,2%;
- phosphorus 575 mg, - 71,9%.
- tšepe 5,53 mg, - 30,7%;
- mankanese 8,802 mg, - 440,1%;
- koporo 1324 μg - 132,4%;
- selenium 0,7 μg - 1,3%;
- zinki 4,28 mg - 35,7%.
liqeto
Le ha theko ea linate tsa phaene e le holimo haholo, ke tlatsetso e loketseng lijong tsa hau. Nate ea phaene e na le livithamini, liminerale le limatlafatsi tse ling tsa bohlokoa molemong oa bophelo bo botle. Hore na o batla ho ba le boima ba 'mele bo phetseng hantle, ho laola khatello ea mali, kapa ho theola kholeseterole, linate tsa phaene li ka u thusa. Nahana ka litlhahiso tse ka khonehang 'me u botse ngaka ea hau ha ho hlokahala.
Matlotlo a Sebetsang
- E fokotsa boemo ba "cholesterol" e "mpe".
- E thusa ho laola boima ba 'mele.
- E fokotsa khatello ea mali.
- E tšehetsa bophelo bo botle ba masapo.
- E fokotsa menyetla ea ho ba le mefuta e itseng ea mofets'e.
- E ntlafatsa bophelo ba mahlo.
- E tloaetse bophelo bo botle ba kutloisiso.
- E eketsa matla.
- E thusa ho laola lefu la tsoekere.
- E eketsa boits'ireletso.
- E na le thepa e khahlanong le ho ruruha.
- E na le thuso nakong ea bokhachane.
- Ho kokobetsa ho ilela khoeli le ho khaotsa ho ilela khoeli.
- E nchafatsa hape e folisa letlalo.
- Ho folisa letlalo le ho le fepa.
- E khothalletsa kholo ea moriri le ho matlafatsa.
- E ntlafatsa potency.
Lintho tse kotsi
- E ka baka khatello ea maikutlo.
- Ho ka ba le mathata ka ho ima le ho anyesa.
- E ka baka mathata a bophelo bo botle haeba e sebelisoa haholo.
- Ha e khothalletsoe bakeng sa bana ba banyenyane.
- Ha e tsamaee hantle le nama.
Mehloli ea Patlisiso
Lithuto tsa mantlha mabapi le melemo le likotsi tsa linate tsa phaene li entsoe ke lingaka le bo-rasaense ba kantle ho naha. Ka tlase o ka tloaelana le mehloli ea mantlha ea lipatlisiso ka lebaka leo sehlooho sena se ngotsoeng ka sona:
Mehloli ea Patlisiso
1.https: //www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26054525
2.https: //www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25238912
3.https: //www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26123047
4.https: //www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26082204
5.https: //www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26082204
6.https: //www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14647095
7.https: //www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26554653
8.https: //www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26390877
9.https: //www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19168000
10.https: //www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25373528
11.https: //www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25748766
12.http: //www.stilltasty.com/fooditems/index/17991
13.https: //www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26727761
14.https: //www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23677661
15.https: //www.webmd.com/diet/news/20060328/pine-nut-oil-cut-appetite
Mengolo ea 16.
17.http: //nfscfaculty.tamu.edu/talcott/courses/FSTC605/Food%20Product%20Design/Satiety.pdf
18.https: //www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12076237
Mengolo ea 19.
20.https: //www.webmd.com/diabetes/news/20110708/nuts-good-some-with-diabetes#1
21.https: //www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25373528
22.https: //www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26554653
23.https: //www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16030366
24. https://www.cbsnews.com/pictures/best-superfoods-for-weight-loss/21/.
25. https://www.nutritionletter.tufts.edu/issues/12_5/current-articles/Extra-Zinc-Boosts-Immune-System-in-Older-Adults_1944-1.html
Lintlha tse ling tsa bohlokoa mabapi le linate tsa phaene
Mokhoa oa ho sebelisa
1. Ha ho phehoa.
E 'ngoe ea tšebeliso e tsebahalang haholo ea linate tsa phaene ke ho hlophisa pesto. Li-recipe tsa pesto, linate tsa phaene li atisa ho bitsoa pignoli kapa pinole ka Setaliana. Li boetse li sebelisoa hangata lisalateng le lijaneng tse ling tse batang. U ka soothoa linate tsa phaene habobebe bakeng sa tatso e monate haholoanyane. Ka lebaka la tatso ea tsona e bobebe, li kopana hantle le lijo tse tsoekere le tse letsoai.
Ho tloaelehile ho fumana linate tsa phaene e le sesebelisoa sa biscotti, libiskiti le mefuta e meng ea kuku. Leha ho le joalo, hopola hore ho sebelisa linate tsa phaene ka mofuta oa tsona oa tlhaho kamehla ke khetho e ntle ka ho fetisisa. Ntle le moo, linate tsa phaene li ka kenyelletsoa bohobe bo felletseng, li-pizza tse iketselitsoeng le li-dessert tse 'maloa (ice cream, smoothies le tse ling).
2. Tincture ka linate tsa phaene.
Tincture e tla thusa ho tsitsisa boemo ba lits'ebetso tsohle tse kahare tsa 'mele. E thusa ho hloekisa mali le lymph, ntlafatsa kutlo le pono, normalizes letsoai metabolism, le tse ling tse ngata. E lokiselitsoe ho tsoa ho khetla le peo ea sefate sa kedare, e kentsoeng ka vodka.
3. Ho cosmetology.
Nate ea phaene e sebelisoa ka mask le lihlahla. Ho cosmetology, ho sebelisoa linate tse tala, hobane ke tsona tse thusang haholo. Li siloa hore e be phofo ebe li tsoakane le metsoako e meng. Bakeng sa letlalo le mafura, ka mohlala, kefir e sebelisoa, bakeng sa letlalo le omeletseng - tranelate e bolila. Maske ana a thusa ho loantša ho qhoma hoa letlalo le masosong.
Ho lokisa lihlahla, sebelisa likhetla tse silakantsoeng ebe u li kopanya, ka mohlala, le phofo ea oat. Ebe u eketsa marotholi a 'maloa a metsi a batang' me sehlahla se se se loketse ho se sebelisa. Ho molemo ho sebelisa pheko e joalo letlalong le chesang ka mor'a ho hlapa. Kahoo tlhoekiso e tla atleha haholoanyane.
Tsela ea ho khetha
- Ha u reka linate tsa phaene 'marakeng, lula u khetha peo e sootho e bosootho bo bopehileng le ho lekana ka boholo.
- Leka ho lahla linate ho tloha bophahamong bo tlase. Haeba li etsa molumo oa tšepe, boleng ba tsona bo netefalitsoe.
- Linate tsa phaene li lokela ho ba boima li se na mapatso.
- Malebela a linate tse ncha a lokela ho ba bobebe. Lithako tse lefifi ke bopaki ba lepa la khale.
- Hangata ho na le letheba le lefifi holim'a thollo e sa hlalosoang. Ho ba sieo ha eona ho fana ka maikutlo a hore ha ho na linate kahare.
- Monko o lokela ho ba monate, o se na litšila.
- Papali ea hau e ntle ka ho fetisisa ke ho reka lithollo tse sa hlalosoang.
- Ela hloko letsatsi la tlhahiso, haholo haeba sehlahisoa se hloekisitsoe. Ho eletsoa hore linate li kotuloe ka Loetse kapa Mphalane.
Mokhoa oa ho boloka
- Linate tse sa ebuoang li na le shelefo e telele ho feta linate tse ebotsoeng. Li ka bolokoa likhoeli tse tšeletseng.
- Peeled linate li bolokiloe likhoeli tse 3.
- Linate tse halikiloeng ha li tšoanelehe bakeng sa polokelo ea nako e telele. Li senyeha habonolo, haholo haeba li bolokiloe sebakeng se mofuthu le se mongobo. Ho molemo ho boloka linate sebakeng se pholileng se omileng.
- Linate tsa phaene li ka bolokoa ka sehatsetsing le ka lehare, kamora ho li beha ka setsing se sa keneleng moea.
- Lekola mongobo oa linate hang ka beke, ha ea lokela ho feta 55%.
- U se ke ua reka linate ka li-cones, kaha ha ho tsejoe hore na li bolokiloe nako e kae, 'me tšoaetso e ipokella lipoleiti.
Nalane ea ketsahalo
Nate ea phaene e bile lijo tsa bohlokoa haholo ka lilemo tse likete. Ho ea ka litlaleho tse ling tsa nalane, Maindia a Amerika a Great Basin (thaba e lehoatata ka bophirima ho United States) esale a bokella linate tsa phaene tsa pignon ka lilemo tse fetang 10. Nako ea kotulo ea linate tsa phaene e ne e bolela ho fela ha nako. Matsoalloa a Amerika a ne a lumela hore ena ke kotulo ea bona ea ho qetela pele a tloha mariha. Libakeng tsena, moetlo oa phaene o ntse o tsejoa e le pignon nut kapa pinona nut.
Europe le Asia, linate tsa phaene li tumme ho tloha mehleng ea Paleolithic. Lingaka tsa Baegepeta li ne li sebelisa linate tsa phaene ho phekola maloetse a fapaneng. Rafilosofi le rasaense oa Persia o bile a khothaletsa ho li ja ho folisa senya le ho eketsa khotsofalo ea thobalano. Masole a Roma a tsejoa a ja linate tsa phaene pele a loana ha a hlasela Borithane lilemong tse likete tse peli tse fetileng.
Bangoli ba Magerike ba buile ka linate tsa phaene ho tloha ka 300 BC. Le ha linate tsa phaene li fumaneha hoo e batlang e le kontinenteng e ngoe le e ngoe, ke mefuta e 20 feela ea lifate tsa phaene Europe, Amerika Leboea le Asia tse loketseng ho jeoa ke batho. Linate tsa phaene li 'nile tsa lengoa ka lilemo tse fetang 10' me li boleloa historing ea boholo-holo ea Segerike
E lengoa joang hona kae
Ho na le mefuta e 20 ea lifate tsa phaene moo ho kotuloang linate tsa phaene. Mokhoa oa ho bokella linate o rarahane. E qala ka ho ntša linate khoneng e butsoitseng ea phaene. Ho latela mofuta oa sefate, ts'ebetso ena e ka nka lilemo tse peli.
Hang ha khoune e butsoitse, ea kotuloa, e kenngoe ka har'a mokotla ebe e pepesetsoa mocheso (hangata letsatsi) ho omisa khoune. Ho omisa hangata ho fela kamora matsatsi a 20. Joale khoune ea sithabetsoa ebe linate lia ntšoa.
Sefate sa kedare se rata mobu o mongobo (lehlabathe le loamy kapa loamy), mofuthu o itekanetseng. E hola hantle haholo matsoapong a lithaba tse bonesitsoeng hantle. Sefate se hola ho fihla bophahamong ba limithara tse 50, litholoana tsa pele li beha kamora lilemo tse 50 tsa bophelo. Cedar pine e fumanoa Siberia, Altai le Urals Bochabela.
Haufinyane, lifate tsa kedare li se li lenngoe haholo libakeng tsa boikhathollo tse lebopong la Leoatle le Letšo. Ho na le mefuta ea sefate sena e melang Sakhalin le Asia Bochabela. Mohlahisi e moholo ka ho fetisisa oa linate tsa phaene ke Russia. E lateloa ke Mongolia, e lateloa ke Kazakhstan. China ke morekisi ea kholo ka ho fetisisa oa linate tsa phaene.
Linnete Tse Thahasellisang
- Boholo ba linate tsa phaene li nka likhoeli tse 18 ho butsoa, lilemo tse ling tse tharo.
- Russia, linate tsa phaene li bitsoa litholoana tsa phaene ea kedare ea Siberia. Peo ea likedare tsa 'nete ha e jeoe.
- Italy, linate tsa phaene li ne li tsejoa lilemong tse fetang 2000 tse fetileng. E fumanoe nakong ea lintho tse epolotsoeng Pompeii.
- Tlas'a maemo a matle, sefate sa kedare se ka phela lilemo tse 800. Hangata, lifate tsa kedare li phela lilemo tse 200-400.
- Lebese le botenya le tranelate ea meroho li ne li etsoa ka linate tsa phaene Siberia.
- Linate tsa linate ke metsi a matle bakeng sa mobu.
- Masepanishe a sebelisa phofo ea linate tsa phaene bakeng sa ho hlophisa paella e tummeng.
- Ho tloha ho li-kilogram tsa 3 tsa linate, litara e le 1 ea oli ea phaene ea linate e fumanoa.
- Ho latela pono ea limela, linate tsa phaene li lokela ho bitsoa lipeo tsa phaene.
- Likedare tsa 'nete ke mofuta o fapaneng ka ho felletseng oa li-conifers. Li hola Asia, Lebanon.